Identificación de Contaminantes Emergentes y Polutantes en Fecas de Balaenoptera musculus, Balaenoptera physalus, Megaptera novaeangliae y Otaria byronia frente a Cobquecura, Chañaral de Aceituno y Golfo de Corcovado.
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Date
2025
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El aumento constante de la presencia de contaminantes emergentes, como los Productos Farmacéuticos y de Cuidado Personal (PPCPs) y Polutantes como los Hidrocarburos Aromáticos Policíclicos (PAHs) representa un peligro significativo para los ecosistemas marinos. Este estudio tuvo por objetivo determinar la presencia de PAHs y PPCPs en muestras fecales de Ballena azul (Balaenoptera musculus), Ballena fin (Balaenoptera physalus), Ballena jorobada (Megaptera novaeangliae) y Lobo marino sudamericano (Otaria byronia), recolectadas en Chañaral de Aceituno, Cobquecura y El Golfo de Corcovado. Utilizando UHPLC-RF para los PAHs y UHPLC-MS-MS para los PPCPs identificamos Paracetamol, Fluoxetina y Ácido Mefenámico en las muestras analizadas y seis PAHs con concentraciones entre 57.1 y 104.1 ng/g. Los resultados demuestran la exposición de las especies marinas estudiadas frente a PPCPs y PAHs y, aunque se desconocen los efectos, este estudio plantea muchas preguntas. Esta tesis sería una base para futuros estudios sobre la exposición de mamíferos marinos contaminantes emergentes.
The constant increase in the presence of emerging contaminants, such as Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) and Pollutants such as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) represents a significant danger to marine ecosystems. Considering this background, this study aimed to determine the presence of PAHs and PPCPs in fecal samples of blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus), fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus), Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) and South American sea lion (Otaria byronia), collected in Chañaral de Aceituno, Cobquecura and El Golfo de Corcovado, and it is proposed that these feces have detectable amounts of PPCPs and PAHs. Using UHPLC-RF for PAHs and UHPLC-MS-MS for PPCPs, we identified three PPCPs (Paracetamol, Fluoxetine and Mefenamic Acid) in the analyzed samples and six PAHs with concentrations between 57.1 and 104.1 ng/g. The results demonstrate the exposure of the marine species studied to PPCPs and PAHs and, although the effects are unknown, this study opens to new scientific questions. This thesis would be a basis for future studies on the exposure of marine mammals to the contaminants studied.
The constant increase in the presence of emerging contaminants, such as Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) and Pollutants such as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) represents a significant danger to marine ecosystems. Considering this background, this study aimed to determine the presence of PAHs and PPCPs in fecal samples of blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus), fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus), Humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) and South American sea lion (Otaria byronia), collected in Chañaral de Aceituno, Cobquecura and El Golfo de Corcovado, and it is proposed that these feces have detectable amounts of PPCPs and PAHs. Using UHPLC-RF for PAHs and UHPLC-MS-MS for PPCPs, we identified three PPCPs (Paracetamol, Fluoxetine and Mefenamic Acid) in the analyzed samples and six PAHs with concentrations between 57.1 and 104.1 ng/g. The results demonstrate the exposure of the marine species studied to PPCPs and PAHs and, although the effects are unknown, this study opens to new scientific questions. This thesis would be a basis for future studies on the exposure of marine mammals to the contaminants studied.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al Título de Biólogo Marino
Keywords
Contaminación marina, Contaminación Aspectos ambientales, Ecología marina