Análisis de los componentes odoríferos en el purín: comparación de modelos de conversión de concentración química a unidades de olor
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Date
2023
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La emisión de olor en planteles porcinos es la más demandada y la que produce mayor molestia en la población, la forma de cuantificar su efecto es a través de la olfatometría dinámica establecida en la norma EN-13725, la cual puede ser compleja y costosa de realizar de forma continua. Por otra parte, las mediciones de concentración química de los componentes Oloroso del purín son a menudo una forma más fácil para monitorear.
Esta investigación tiene como objetivo evaluar los métodos de determinación de olor y modelos de conversión que permitan predecir la concentración de olor por métodos analíticos. Mediante la revisión de diferentes estudios, se analizan y comparan, caracterizando los componentes del purín, los tipos de medición y modelos existentes, basados en la fase gaseosa, liquida y la combinación de ambas, equiparándolos con mediciones olfatométricas.
Se observa una buena correlación en modelos predictivos basados en la concentración de odorantes específicos, especialmente para purín almacenado con un 5% de error, basado en la concentración de ácido sulfhídrico, fenoles, indoles y sulfuros orgánicos, así como para purines de parto y destete con un 9% de error, basados en la concentración de ácido
sulfhídrico, aldehídos aminas, esteres y cetonas.
Estos modelos se pueden emplear para estimar la concentración de olor, teniendo en cuenta que mientras más información de base mayor precisión tendrá el modelo.
The emission of odor in pig farms is the most demanded and the one that causes the greatest discomfort in the population, the way to quantify its effect is through dynamic olfactometry established in the EN-13725 standard, which can be complex and expensive to perform continuously. On the other hand, chemical concentration measurements of the Oloroso components of manure are often an easier way to monitor. This research aims to evaluate odor determination methods and conversion models that allow the prediction of odor concentration by analytical methods. Through the review of different studies, they are analyzed and compared, characterizing the components of the slurry, the types of measurement and existing models, based on the gaseous, liquid phase and the combination of both, equating them with olfactometric measurements. A good correlation is observed in predictive models based on the concentration of specific odorants, especially for stored slurry with a 5% error, based on the concentration of hydrogen sulfide, phenols, indoles and organic sulfides, as well as for farrowing and weaning slurry. with a 9% error, based on the concentration of hydrogen sulfide, aldehydes, amines, esters, and ketones. These models can be used to estimate odor concentration, taking into account that the more base information the more accurate the model will be.
The emission of odor in pig farms is the most demanded and the one that causes the greatest discomfort in the population, the way to quantify its effect is through dynamic olfactometry established in the EN-13725 standard, which can be complex and expensive to perform continuously. On the other hand, chemical concentration measurements of the Oloroso components of manure are often an easier way to monitor. This research aims to evaluate odor determination methods and conversion models that allow the prediction of odor concentration by analytical methods. Through the review of different studies, they are analyzed and compared, characterizing the components of the slurry, the types of measurement and existing models, based on the gaseous, liquid phase and the combination of both, equating them with olfactometric measurements. A good correlation is observed in predictive models based on the concentration of specific odorants, especially for stored slurry with a 5% error, based on the concentration of hydrogen sulfide, phenols, indoles and organic sulfides, as well as for farrowing and weaning slurry. with a 9% error, based on the concentration of hydrogen sulfide, aldehydes, amines, esters, and ketones. These models can be used to estimate odor concentration, taking into account that the more base information the more accurate the model will be.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar el título de Ingeniero Ambiental
Keywords
Olores, Cerdos - Chile