Diseño de un sistema de tratamiento de residuos líquidos de una línea de lavado de botellas para vinos San Eugenio, comuna de Villa Alegre
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Date
2005
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El diseño de un sistema de tratamiento de residuos industriales líquidos para la empresa Vinos San Eugenio (actualmente BRIPER S.A.) tiene como finalidad el devolver al medio ambiente el agua utilizada dentro del proceso productivo de una línea de lavado de botellas, en las condiciones de calidad exigidas por la normativa vigente.
Consecuentemente con lo anterior, los parámetros de diseño utilizados son los permitidos por la Comisión Nacional del Medio Ambiente (CONAMA) según la Norma de Emisión de Residuos Líquidos a Aguas Subterráneas.
El primer análisis realizado permitió evaluar la vulnerabilidad del acuífero, usando el método BGR- modificado propuesto por la DGA.
El resultado corresponde a una baja efectividad generalizada de protección de lo que se tiene una alta vulnerabilidad asociada y por esto es que se estima que el tiempo de residencia en el suelo y subsuelo sobre el acuífero es de pocos meses a tres años.
Conocida la situación del residuo que es eliminando de la línea de lavado y el riesgo estimado de contaminar el acuífero adyacente, se diseña un sistema de tratamiento que mitigue el efecto producido por el vertido de sustancias nocivas a aguas subterráneas y que consiste en un sistema compuesto de dos fases: filtrado, que permitirá reducir sólidos totales y así proteger los equipos de la fase posterior; y la fase de control químico, en la cual se efectuará la neutralización del residuo, esto se efectuará en una piscina de tratamiento. Se debe considerar como parte del diseño los factores económico, tecnológico y escala del proyecto, los que están sujetos a las condiciones de la línea de lavado.
El costo de un sistema de tratamiento que se ajuste a la realidad económica y tecnológica de la línea de lavado de botellas no supera el millón de pesos1 , el cual contrarresta los efectos de alcalinidad del agente activo (NaOH), pero no remueve la soda cáustica, dado que los equipos de estas tecnologías (Osmosis Inversa, Evaporadores Abiertos) superan con creces el costo de implementación de la línea de lavado de botellas.
The design of a wastewater treatment system for the San Eugenio wines company has the purpose of returning to the environment the used water in the washing bottles process line, according to the quality conditions demanded by the current legal body. Consequently with the previous statement, the parameters for the design of the wastewater treatment system are the allowed by the National Environmental Commission (CONAMA) according to the Liquid Residues Emission to Underground Waters Policies. The first performed analysis was intended to evaluate the concept of the aquifer vulnerability using the modified BGR method proposed by the DGA. The result corresponds to a low protection effectiveness, a high associated vulnerability and a time residence in the soil and subsoil over the aquifer ranging from a few months to three years. The next step is to eliminate the washing line residues considered to be highly pollutant to the adjacent aquifer; the designed treatment system capable of mitigating the effect produced by the noxious substances spilled into the underground waters, is composed of two phases: filtration and chemical control. It’s very important to consider as many factors as possible: design, economics, technological factors and the project challenges, all of them related to the washing line conditions. The treatment system cost that better fits the economic and technological facts of the washing line, it is not more than one million pesos, (February 2005), This treatment sistem controls the alkaline effects of the caustic soda, but does not remove this substance from the water; the equipment capable to perform this remotion, involves technologies (Inverse Osmosis, Open Evaporators) exceeds several times the implementation cost of the washing line.
The design of a wastewater treatment system for the San Eugenio wines company has the purpose of returning to the environment the used water in the washing bottles process line, according to the quality conditions demanded by the current legal body. Consequently with the previous statement, the parameters for the design of the wastewater treatment system are the allowed by the National Environmental Commission (CONAMA) according to the Liquid Residues Emission to Underground Waters Policies. The first performed analysis was intended to evaluate the concept of the aquifer vulnerability using the modified BGR method proposed by the DGA. The result corresponds to a low protection effectiveness, a high associated vulnerability and a time residence in the soil and subsoil over the aquifer ranging from a few months to three years. The next step is to eliminate the washing line residues considered to be highly pollutant to the adjacent aquifer; the designed treatment system capable of mitigating the effect produced by the noxious substances spilled into the underground waters, is composed of two phases: filtration and chemical control. It’s very important to consider as many factors as possible: design, economics, technological factors and the project challenges, all of them related to the washing line conditions. The treatment system cost that better fits the economic and technological facts of the washing line, it is not more than one million pesos, (February 2005), This treatment sistem controls the alkaline effects of the caustic soda, but does not remove this substance from the water; the equipment capable to perform this remotion, involves technologies (Inverse Osmosis, Open Evaporators) exceeds several times the implementation cost of the washing line.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil Agrícola
Keywords
Innovaciones agrícolas, Insumos agrícolas, Botellas