Experiencias de vida de personas diagnosticadas con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) en la adultez temprana a lo largo de las etapas prediagnóstica, diagnóstica y postdiagnóstica.
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Date
2024
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Este estudio analiza las experiencias de vida de personas diagnosticadas con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) en la adultez temprana, incluyendo las etapas prediagnóstica, diagnóstica y postdiagnóstica. Se examinan los significados del diagnóstico, los procesos de asimilación e integración, así como la percepción sobre el acceso y la calidad de los servicios de apoyo en los sistemas de salud público y privado. También se evalúa la importancia de las relaciones significativas en sus vidas.
Se trata de un estudio cualitativo con enfoque fenomenológico y de tipo exploratorio, basado en 14 entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a voluntarios diagnosticados con TEA en la adultez temprana, en un nivel leve o de alto funcionamiento.
Los hallazgos principales indican que, para algunas personas, el diagnóstico significó un alivio, mientras que para otras fue una carga. La importancia del diagnóstico varió, siendo clave en la vida de algunos y un simple diagnóstico para otros. En relación a la asimilación del diagnóstico, se observó una transición a través de procesos de duelo y activación de mecanismos de defensa. Las experiencias sobre el acceso y la calidad de los servicios de apoyo variaron, con experiencias que oscilaron entre lo satisfactorio y lo desafortunado en ambos sistemas de salud. Finalmente, se destacó la importancia de las redes de apoyo, tanto familiares como sociales.
This study analyzes the life experiences of individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in early adulthood, covering the pre-diagnostic, diagnostic, and post-diagnostic stages. It examines the meanings of the diagnosis, the processes of assimilation and integration, as well as participants' perceptions regarding Access, quality and effectiveness of support services in both public and private healthcare systems. The importance of significant relationships in their lives is also evaluated. This is a qualitative study with a phenomenological and exploratory approach, based on 14 semi-structured interviews conducted with volunteers diagnosed with ASD in early adulthood, at a mild or high-functioning level. The main findings indicate that, for some individuals, the diagnosis was a relief, while for others it was a burden. The significance of the diagnosis varied, being crucial for some and simply a diagnosis for others. Regarding the assimilation of the diagnosis, a transition through processes of grief and activation of defense mechanisms was observed. Experiences related to access, quality and effectiveness of support services varied, ranging from satisfactory to unfortunate experiences in both healthcare systems. Finally, the importance of support networks, both familial and social, was highlighted.
This study analyzes the life experiences of individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in early adulthood, covering the pre-diagnostic, diagnostic, and post-diagnostic stages. It examines the meanings of the diagnosis, the processes of assimilation and integration, as well as participants' perceptions regarding Access, quality and effectiveness of support services in both public and private healthcare systems. The importance of significant relationships in their lives is also evaluated. This is a qualitative study with a phenomenological and exploratory approach, based on 14 semi-structured interviews conducted with volunteers diagnosed with ASD in early adulthood, at a mild or high-functioning level. The main findings indicate that, for some individuals, the diagnosis was a relief, while for others it was a burden. The significance of the diagnosis varied, being crucial for some and simply a diagnosis for others. Regarding the assimilation of the diagnosis, a transition through processes of grief and activation of defense mechanisms was observed. Experiences related to access, quality and effectiveness of support services varied, ranging from satisfactory to unfortunate experiences in both healthcare systems. Finally, the importance of support networks, both familial and social, was highlighted.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al grado académico de Magíster en Intervención Familiar
Keywords
Autismo Diagnóstico, Salud mental, Edad adulta