Evaluación hidráulica y de conversión energética en sistemas de bombeo fotovoltaicos accionados mediante inversores de frecuencia variable.
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Date
2019
Authors
Gutiérrez Alzamora, Joaquín Arturo
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Para utilizar un sistema de bombeo fotovoltaico, con el fin de suministrar agua a sistemas de riego agrícola o estanques de acumulación, sin el apoyo de energía proveniente de la red eléctrica, generadores diésel, o baterías, es necesario conocer el desempeño hidráulico del sistema de bombeo fotovoltaico en relación a su principal variable de funcionamiento, la radiación solar disponible. Este trabajo presenta los resultados de un estudio de desempeño hidráulico y energético, de un sistema de bombeo fotovoltaico accionado por un inversor de frecuencia variable acoplado a una electrobomba superficial de corriente alterna.
El sistema de bombeo fotovoltaico utilizado para este estudio, está instalado en la estación experimental de la Facultad de Ingeniería Agrícola de la Universidad de Concepción en Chile. Su desempeño se evaluó desde un punto de vista hidráulico y energético. Se determinó que, para días con alta radiación solar, por sobre 7,5 horas de sol peak (HSP), similares a días de verano, el sistema puede funcionar por más de 10 horas al día con presiones por sobre los 1,5 bar, y bombear un volumen de 77 m3 al día. Por otra parte, para días con baja radiación solar, bajo 3 HSP, similares a algunos días de invierno de la zona de estudio, se determinó que el sistema es capaz de bombear, aunque con interrupciones, hasta 40 m3 de agua, operando durante un total de 6,6 horas al día.
En base a los resultados se puede afirmar que un sistema de bombeo fotovoltaico accionado mediante un inversor de frecuencia variable y acoplado a una electrobomba superficial de corriente alterna (AC), es técnicamente factible de utilizar con fines de riego agrícola y/o bombeo a estanques acumuladores. Esta condición puede beneficiar a pequeños agricultores en zonas carentes de red eléctrica o agricultores que deseen incorporar energía fotovoltaica a un sistema de bombeo convencional existente.
To use a photovoltaic pumping system, in order to supply water to irrigation systems or storage tanks, without the support of energy from the grid, diesel generators, or batteries, it is necessary to know the hydraulic performance of the photovoltaic pumping systems in relation with the main operating variable, the available solar radiation. This paper presents the hydraulic and energy performance results, of a photovoltaic pumping system operated by variable frequency inverter and coupled to alternating current (AC) surface pump. The photovoltaic pumping system used for this study is installed in the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering of the University de Concepción, in Chile. Its performance was evaluated from a hydraulic and energy point of view. It was determined that, for days with high solar radiation, above 7.5 peak sun hours (HSP), similar to summer days, the system can operate more than 10 hours per day with pressures over 1.5 bar, and move a volume of 77 m3 of water per day. On the other hand, for days with low solar radiation, under 3 HSP, similar to some winter days in the study area, the system was able to pump, although with interruptions, up to 40 m3 of water, operating 6.6 daily hours in total. Based on the results, it can be affirmed that a photovoltaic pumping system operated by means of a variable frequency inverter and coupled to a surface (AC) electric pump, is technically feasible to use in agricultural irrigation and / or pumping to accumulator tanks purposes. This condition can benefit small farmers in areas without power grid or farmers who wish to incorporate photovoltaic energy into an existing conventional pumping system.
To use a photovoltaic pumping system, in order to supply water to irrigation systems or storage tanks, without the support of energy from the grid, diesel generators, or batteries, it is necessary to know the hydraulic performance of the photovoltaic pumping systems in relation with the main operating variable, the available solar radiation. This paper presents the hydraulic and energy performance results, of a photovoltaic pumping system operated by variable frequency inverter and coupled to alternating current (AC) surface pump. The photovoltaic pumping system used for this study is installed in the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering of the University de Concepción, in Chile. Its performance was evaluated from a hydraulic and energy point of view. It was determined that, for days with high solar radiation, above 7.5 peak sun hours (HSP), similar to summer days, the system can operate more than 10 hours per day with pressures over 1.5 bar, and move a volume of 77 m3 of water per day. On the other hand, for days with low solar radiation, under 3 HSP, similar to some winter days in the study area, the system was able to pump, although with interruptions, up to 40 m3 of water, operating 6.6 daily hours in total. Based on the results, it can be affirmed that a photovoltaic pumping system operated by means of a variable frequency inverter and coupled to a surface (AC) electric pump, is technically feasible to use in agricultural irrigation and / or pumping to accumulator tanks purposes. This condition can benefit small farmers in areas without power grid or farmers who wish to incorporate photovoltaic energy into an existing conventional pumping system.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al grado de Magíster en Ingeniería Agrícola con mención en Mecanización y Energía
Keywords
Producción de energía fotovoltaica - Chile, Bombas de agua - Alimentación, Producción y Consumo Responsable, Riego