Evaluación de la capacidad de aclimatación de cepas de cianobacterias de agua dulce a agua de mar.
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Date
2025
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El cultivo masivo de cianobacterias como Spirulina y Arthrospira en agua dulce implica un alto consumo hídrico, lo que representa un desafío para la sostenibilidad frente a un recurso limitante como es el agua dulce. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar si dos cepas de agua dulce: Spirulina subsalsa (CCM UdeC 050) y Arthrospira maxima (CCM-UdeC 040), pueden aclimatarse a crecer en agua de mar sin perjudicar su producción de biomasa y/o su perfil bioquímico.
Ambas cepas se aclimataron gradualmente a concentraciones crecientes de NaCl, una vez determinada la concentración máxima tolerada por cada cepa, se evaluó su cultivo utilizando agua de mar diluida a la respectiva salinidad. Se establecieron cultivos de los distintos tratamientos (Medio Zarrouk, Medio Zarrouk + NaCl y Medio Zarrouk en agua de mar) en volúmenes de 1L y se mantuvieron en condiciones controladas. Se evaluaron parámetros de crecimiento y composición bioquímica (clorofila a, carotenoides totales, pigmentos ficobilínicos, proteínas, carbohidratos y fenoles totales) de ambas cepas en los tres tratamientos.
Los resultados mostraron que ambas cepas fueron capaces de aclimatarse hasta 15 PSU, aunque con respuestas fisiológicas contrastantes. Arthrospira maxima presentó un mejor rendimiento en agua de mar, manteniendo su producción de biomasa y perfil bioquímico; en cambio, Spirulina subsalsa mostró una disminución en su crecimiento y composición bioquímica en agua de mar, pero un mejor desempeño en NaCl.
Este estudio aporta evidencia relevante para el desarrollo de sistemas de cultivo sustentables de cianobacterias de agua dulce en medios salinos, facilitando el uso de agua de mar en la producción de biomasa y compuestos de interés biotecnológico.
Large-scale cultivation of cyanobacteria such as Spirulina and Arthrospira in freshwater requires high water consumption, which represents a challenge for sustainability given the limited resource that is freshwater. The aim of this work was to evaluate whether two freshwater strains: Spirulina subsalsa (CCM-UdeC 050) and Arthrospira maxima (CCM-UdeC 040), can be acclimated to grow in seawater without compromising their biomass production and/or biochemical profile. Both strains were gradually acclimated to increasing NaCl concentrations. Once each strain’s maximum tolerated concentration was determined, cultures were set up using seawater diluted to the corresponding salinity. Three treatments were established in 1 L volumes under controlled conditions: Zarrouk medium, Zarrouk medium with added NaCl, and Zarrouk medium prepared in seawater. Growth parameters and biochemical composition (chlorophyll a, total carotenoids, phycobilin pigments, proteins, carbohydrates, and total phenols) were assessed for both strains under all treatments. The results showed that both strains could acclimate up to 15 PSU, albeit with contrasting physiological responses. Arthrospira maxima performed better in seawater, maintaining its biomass production and biochemical profile. In contrast, Spirulina subsalsa experienced reduced growth and biochemical composition in seawater, although it showed improved performance under NaCl stress. This study provides important evidence for developing sustainable cultivation systems of freshwater cyanobacteria in saline media, facilitating the use of seawater for biomass production and the recovery of biotechnologically valuable compounds.
Large-scale cultivation of cyanobacteria such as Spirulina and Arthrospira in freshwater requires high water consumption, which represents a challenge for sustainability given the limited resource that is freshwater. The aim of this work was to evaluate whether two freshwater strains: Spirulina subsalsa (CCM-UdeC 050) and Arthrospira maxima (CCM-UdeC 040), can be acclimated to grow in seawater without compromising their biomass production and/or biochemical profile. Both strains were gradually acclimated to increasing NaCl concentrations. Once each strain’s maximum tolerated concentration was determined, cultures were set up using seawater diluted to the corresponding salinity. Three treatments were established in 1 L volumes under controlled conditions: Zarrouk medium, Zarrouk medium with added NaCl, and Zarrouk medium prepared in seawater. Growth parameters and biochemical composition (chlorophyll a, total carotenoids, phycobilin pigments, proteins, carbohydrates, and total phenols) were assessed for both strains under all treatments. The results showed that both strains could acclimate up to 15 PSU, albeit with contrasting physiological responses. Arthrospira maxima performed better in seawater, maintaining its biomass production and biochemical profile. In contrast, Spirulina subsalsa experienced reduced growth and biochemical composition in seawater, although it showed improved performance under NaCl stress. This study provides important evidence for developing sustainable cultivation systems of freshwater cyanobacteria in saline media, facilitating the use of seawater for biomass production and the recovery of biotechnologically valuable compounds.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Biólogo/a Marino/a.
Keywords
Cianobacteria, Microbiología de agua dulce, Microbiología marina