¿Qué significa ser cuidador/a informal?: análisis cualitativo de los significados del rol del cuidador informal de una persona con diagnóstico de demencia de la comuna de Coronel.
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Date
2024
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El objetivo principal de este estudio fue analizar los significados de ser cuidador/a de una persona con demencia a partir de la experiencia de quienes ejercen el rol de cuidador/a informal en la comuna de Coronel. Se desarrolló una metodología cualitativa, con enfoque fenomenológico y carácter descriptivo. La información se obtuvo a través de entrevistas semi estructuradas. Los principales hallazgos fueron el conjunto de desafíos, motivaciones y aprendizajes obtenidos desde la experiencia de cuidar a una persona con demencia. Aunque las persona cuidadoras expresan una valoración positiva de su capacidad para afrontar esta responsabilidad, también señalaron efectos negativos en su bienestar físico, psicológico y social, así como limitaciones en su vida personal.
Las prácticas de cuidado abarcan tanto aspectos físicos como emocionales, con estrategias creativas para promover el bienestar de sus familiares. Los factores culturales, como la espiritualidad y las expectativas familiares, refuerzan el sentido de deber y retribución hacia sus seres queridos. Sin embargo, las demandas del cuidado frecuentemente llevan a la renuncia de actividades personales y laborales, lo que resalta la necesidad de apoyo institucional y comunitario. A pesar de las dificultades, la experiencia del cuidado es también vista como una oportunidad para crecer personalmente, fortalecer habilidades y reafirmar valores humanos esenciales.
The main objective of this study was to analyze the meanings of being a caregiver of a person with dementia from the experience of those who exercise the role of informal caregiver in the commune of Coronel. A qualitative methodology was developed, with a phenomenological and descriptive approach. The information was obtained through semi-structured interviews. The main findings were the set of challenges, motivations and lessons learned from the experience of caring for a person with dementia. Although caregivers express a positive assessment of their ability to cope with this responsibility, they also noted negative effects on their physical, psychological and social well-being, as well as limitations in their personal lives. Caregiving practices encompass both physical and emotional aspects, with creative strategies to promote the well-being of their family members. Cultural factors, such as spirituality and family expectations, reinforce a sense of duty and retribution to their loved ones. However, the demands of caregiving frequently lead to the relinquishment of personal and work activities, highlighting the need for institutional and community support. Despite the difficulties, the caregiving experience is also seen as an opportunity for personal growth, strengthening skills and reaffirming essential human values.
The main objective of this study was to analyze the meanings of being a caregiver of a person with dementia from the experience of those who exercise the role of informal caregiver in the commune of Coronel. A qualitative methodology was developed, with a phenomenological and descriptive approach. The information was obtained through semi-structured interviews. The main findings were the set of challenges, motivations and lessons learned from the experience of caring for a person with dementia. Although caregivers express a positive assessment of their ability to cope with this responsibility, they also noted negative effects on their physical, psychological and social well-being, as well as limitations in their personal lives. Caregiving practices encompass both physical and emotional aspects, with creative strategies to promote the well-being of their family members. Cultural factors, such as spirituality and family expectations, reinforce a sense of duty and retribution to their loved ones. However, the demands of caregiving frequently lead to the relinquishment of personal and work activities, highlighting the need for institutional and community support. Despite the difficulties, the caregiving experience is also seen as an opportunity for personal growth, strengthening skills and reaffirming essential human values.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al grado académico de Licenciada en Trabajo Social
Keywords
Demencia, Salud mental, Cuidadores familiares