Diseño y evaluación de una estructura de captación de agua mediante la implementación de mallas de efecto Coanda
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Date
2011
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Para solucionar el problema de la cantidad de sólidos en suspensión, tanto orgánicos como inorgánicos, que son transportados a través de un canal de regadío, existen diferentes estructuras para el proceso de filtrado de las aguas, tales como sedimentadores, filtros, etc. Una alternativa a estas estructuras es el filtrado previo al proceso de riego utilizando mallas de efecto Coanda. Estas mallas funcionan mediante el efecto Coanda y sus principales características son: están hechas de acero inoxidable, su limpieza es autónoma, no requiere de alguna fuente de energía para funcionar y no afectan a la fauna acuática. El objetivo de este estudio es la dimensión y evaluación económica de una estructura de filtración de agua mediante el uso de mallas de efecto Coanda. Con este fin, se definieron cuatro caudales, los cuales se consideraron representativos de captaciones típicas de agua de riego en canales. Los caudales evaluados fueron: 30, 50, 100 y 150 L s -1.
Con esto se dimensionaron las longitudes de la malla y la estructura hidráulica asociada, determinando la mejor combinación de las dimensiones (largo-ancho) para obtener eficiencias de remoción de entre 80 y 95%. Finalmente con estas dimensiones se diseñó una estructura tipo para cada caso evaluado.
To solve the problem of the amount of suspended solids, both organic and inorganic, which are transported through an irrigation canal, there are different structures for the filtered process water such as settlers, filters etc. An alternative to these structures is to make a previous filtration to irrigation process using screens of Coanda-effect. These screens work by the coanda effect and its main features are: they are made of stainless, it is self cleaning, does not require any power source to operate and do not affect aquatic life. The objective of this study is to dimension and economic evaluation of a structure water filtration using Coanda-effect screens. To this end, it identified four flows, which were considered representative of typical uptakes of irrigation water in canals. The flows rates were 30, 50, 100 and 150 L s -1. With this was dimensioned the lengths of the screen and the hydraulic structure associated, determining the best combination of dimensions (lengthwidth) for removal efficiencies between 80 and 95%. Finally, these dimensions, was designed a structure type for each evaluated case. The cost associated each project for different flows was $1.019.302 (46,40 UF) for 30 L s-1, $1.263.777 (57,52 UF) for 50 L s-1, $1.935.950 (88,11 UF) for 100 L s-1 and $2.577.706 (117,32 UF) for 150 L s-1 as of August 26, 2011. According to the results of this study, this structure turn out to be technically and economically feasible to clean irrigation water of the flows evaluated.
To solve the problem of the amount of suspended solids, both organic and inorganic, which are transported through an irrigation canal, there are different structures for the filtered process water such as settlers, filters etc. An alternative to these structures is to make a previous filtration to irrigation process using screens of Coanda-effect. These screens work by the coanda effect and its main features are: they are made of stainless, it is self cleaning, does not require any power source to operate and do not affect aquatic life. The objective of this study is to dimension and economic evaluation of a structure water filtration using Coanda-effect screens. To this end, it identified four flows, which were considered representative of typical uptakes of irrigation water in canals. The flows rates were 30, 50, 100 and 150 L s -1. With this was dimensioned the lengths of the screen and the hydraulic structure associated, determining the best combination of dimensions (lengthwidth) for removal efficiencies between 80 and 95%. Finally, these dimensions, was designed a structure type for each evaluated case. The cost associated each project for different flows was $1.019.302 (46,40 UF) for 30 L s-1, $1.263.777 (57,52 UF) for 50 L s-1, $1.935.950 (88,11 UF) for 100 L s-1 and $2.577.706 (117,32 UF) for 150 L s-1 as of August 26, 2011. According to the results of this study, this structure turn out to be technically and economically feasible to clean irrigation water of the flows evaluated.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil Agrícola
Keywords
Caudales, Recolección de aguas, Riego