Diseño de un sistema híbrido fotovoltaico solar térmico aplicado al uso de aguas sanitarias
Loading...
Date
2012
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La empresa Viña Dos Andes S.A., ubicada en la Región del Bio Bío, requiere el diseño de un sistema solar para extracción y calentamiento de agua, para ser ocupada en duchas para aplicadores de plaguicidas, en lugares del extenso predio donde no se cuenta con red hídrica ni red eléctrica tradicional. Para esto, se ha diseñado un sistema solar híbrido, fotovoltaico para bombeo de agua y solar térmico para calentamiento de la misma, en el que se ha seleccionado el que mejor se adapte a condiciones de operación y económicas. Los resultados indican que el sistema más económico de bombeo de agua, corresponde a la configuración de sistema corriente continua sin almacenamiento eléctrico, que contempla paneles fotovoltaicos, bomba de corriente continua, y estanque de almacenamiento, permitiendo cinco días de autonomía. El costo de capital de este sistema, es de aproximadamente $1.200.000, considerando costos por instalación y mantención, estimando una vida útil de 20 años. Respecto al sistema solar térmico, se han estimado tres colectores solares planos a utilizar con una eficiencia de 63,7%, teniendo un área de absorción total de 6,9 m 2, lo que determina un volumen del depósito de acumulación solar de 500 litros. Dentro del subsistema de apoyo, se contará con un calefont solar que suplirá la fracción solar faltante (36,3%), siendo accionado cuando el sistema de control dé la señal. Los costos de inversión del sistema solar térmico son de aproximadamente $3.300.000, donde se consideran componentes como colectores solares, bomba de recirculación, estanque de acumulación con serpentín, microcontrolador, calefont solar y vaso de expansión, estimando al igual que en el sistema fotovoltaico, una vida útil promedio de 20 años.
The company Vineyard Two Andes SA, located in the Bio Bio Region, requires the design of a solar system for hot water extraction and, to be engaged in pesticide applicators showers in parts of the vast land where there is no network water mains or traditional. For this, we designed a hybrid solar system, photovoltaic water pumping and solar thermal heating it, which is selected that best suits and economic operating conditions. The results indicate that the most economical water pumping corresponds to the current system configuration without electrical storage, which includes solar panels, DC pump and storage tank, allowing five days of autonomy. The capital cost of this system is approximately $ 1.200.000, considering installation and maintenance costs, estimating a lifespan of 20 years. Respect to the solar heating system, were estimated three flat solar collectors for use with an efficiency of 63,7%, absorption area having a total of 6.9 m 2, which determines a tank volume of 500 liters solar accumulation. Within the subsystem support, there will be a solar calefont will supply the missing solar fraction, being triggered when the control system gives the signal. The investment costs of solar thermal system are approximately $ 3.300.000, which are considered components such as solar collectors, circulating pump, pond accumulation with coil, microcontroller, calefont solar expansion vessel, estimating as in the PV system an average life of 20 years.
The company Vineyard Two Andes SA, located in the Bio Bio Region, requires the design of a solar system for hot water extraction and, to be engaged in pesticide applicators showers in parts of the vast land where there is no network water mains or traditional. For this, we designed a hybrid solar system, photovoltaic water pumping and solar thermal heating it, which is selected that best suits and economic operating conditions. The results indicate that the most economical water pumping corresponds to the current system configuration without electrical storage, which includes solar panels, DC pump and storage tank, allowing five days of autonomy. The capital cost of this system is approximately $ 1.200.000, considering installation and maintenance costs, estimating a lifespan of 20 years. Respect to the solar heating system, were estimated three flat solar collectors for use with an efficiency of 63,7%, absorption area having a total of 6.9 m 2, which determines a tank volume of 500 liters solar accumulation. Within the subsystem support, there will be a solar calefont will supply the missing solar fraction, being triggered when the control system gives the signal. The investment costs of solar thermal system are approximately $ 3.300.000, which are considered components such as solar collectors, circulating pump, pond accumulation with coil, microcontroller, calefont solar expansion vessel, estimating as in the PV system an average life of 20 years.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil Agrícola
Keywords
Calentadores de agua por energía solar, Energía solar - Chile, Colectores solares, Energía solar - Utilización