Evaluando alternativas de tratamientos terciarios para preservar ecosistemas frágiles: el caso de la Antártica.
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Date
2022
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El creciente aumento del uso de fármacos a nivel mundial ha llegado incluso a la isla Rey Jorge en Antártica, una zona con una gran biodiversidad y ecosistemas frágiles por lo que se ha generado la necesidad de que estos contaminantes no lleguen a las aguas australes. El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar posibles opciones de mejoras en los sistemas de tratamientos de aguas residuales para disminuir o eliminar contaminantes emergentes asociados a antiinflamatorios de la Bahía de Fildes, para lo cual se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica de información, se determinaron zonas con similares características climáticas para comparar los tratamientos que estas ocupan, donde se encontraron que no utilizan un método avanzado para los contaminantes emergentes, por lo que se prosiguió a buscar tecnologías no convencionales de tipo químicas y físicas, siendo esta última la mejor opción para nuestro caso por su fácil y accesible
implementación, el proceso específicamente escogido fue el de membranas, donde se pueden mencionar la ultrafiltración, nanofiltración y osmosis inversa.
Se dio respuesta a la zona Chilena en el área de estudio debido a que hay un mayor acceso a información con respecto a la cantidad de personas, caudal requerido y otras especificaciones de aguas residuales de las bases Eduardo Frei Montalva y Profesor Julio Escudero que además considera a Villa Las Estrellas. Para ambas bases la propuesta complementa los sistemas ya existentes, en el primero se recomienda agregar una membrana de ultrafiltración seguido de nanofiltración y en el segundo solamente nanofiltración.
The growing increase in drug use worldwide has even reached Rey Jorge Island in Antarctica, an area with a great biodiversity and fragile ecosystems, which has generated the need for these pollutants not to reach the southern waters. The objective of this research is to evaluate possible options for improvements in wastewater treatment systems to reduce or eliminate emerging pollutants associated with anti-inflammatories in the Bay of Fildes for which a bibliographical search of information was carried out, zones with similar climatic characteristics were determined to compare the treatments they occupy, where they were found not to use an advanced method for emerging pollutants, so we continued to look for unconventional technologies of chemical and physical type, the latter being the best option for our case for its easy and accessible implementation, the process specifically chosen was that of membranes, where ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis can be mentioned. Response was given to the Chilean area in the study area because there is greater access to information regarding the number of people, required flow and other specifications of wastewater of the bases Eduardo Frei Montalva and Professor Julio Escudero who also considers Villa Las Estrellas. For both bases the proposal complements existing systems, in the first it is recommended to add an ultrafiltration membrane followed by nanofiltration and in the second only nanofiltration.
The growing increase in drug use worldwide has even reached Rey Jorge Island in Antarctica, an area with a great biodiversity and fragile ecosystems, which has generated the need for these pollutants not to reach the southern waters. The objective of this research is to evaluate possible options for improvements in wastewater treatment systems to reduce or eliminate emerging pollutants associated with anti-inflammatories in the Bay of Fildes for which a bibliographical search of information was carried out, zones with similar climatic characteristics were determined to compare the treatments they occupy, where they were found not to use an advanced method for emerging pollutants, so we continued to look for unconventional technologies of chemical and physical type, the latter being the best option for our case for its easy and accessible implementation, the process specifically chosen was that of membranes, where ultrafiltration, nanofiltration and reverse osmosis can be mentioned. Response was given to the Chilean area in the study area because there is greater access to information regarding the number of people, required flow and other specifications of wastewater of the bases Eduardo Frei Montalva and Professor Julio Escudero who also considers Villa Las Estrellas. For both bases the proposal complements existing systems, in the first it is recommended to add an ultrafiltration membrane followed by nanofiltration and in the second only nanofiltration.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Ambiental
Keywords
Filtración de membranas, Contaminantes ambientales, Naproxeno