Evaluación preliminar de la capacidad de filtración de semillas y partículas de suelo mediante el uso de mallas Coanda
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Date
2011
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Un problema que afecta la agricultura de riego en Chile es la alta carga de malezas en los distintos cultivos (frutales, hortaliza, etc.). Una de las vías por la cual las semillas de estas malezas llegan a los predios es a través de las aguas que alimentan los diferentes sistemas de riego. Por otro lado los sistemas de riego presentan obstrucciones porque las partículas finas de suelo son muy difíciles de filtrar y este manejo tiene un costo elevado. En el mercado existen distintas alternativas para resolver estos problemas, ejemplo en este trabajo se analizó una alternativa consistente en el uso de un sistema de filtrado basado en mallas Coanda. Se evaluó la efectividad de filtrado de la malla Coanda para semillas de malezas y para partículas finas de suelo. Durante la evaluación se probaron 3 tamaños de abertura de la malla 0,25; 0,5 y 1 mm y 3 concentraciones de 2 cada una de las cargas usadas. Los 3 tipos de carga son: sólo semillas, sólo partículas de suelo y una mezcla de ambas. En base a los resultados obtenidos se recomienda utilizar la malla de abertura de 0,25 mm para filtrar semillas. Para las partículas de suelo la malla no fue efectiva por lo que se recomienda utilizar un sistema de sedimentación anterior a la obra hidráulica que contiene la malla.
A problem of irrigated agriculture in Chile is the high burden of weeds in various crops (fruits, vegetables, etc.). One of the ways in which the seeds of these weeds come to the grounds is trough the waters that feed the different irrigation system. On the other hand irrigation unobstructed because the fine soil particles are very difficult to filter and this operation is costly. In the market there are different options for solving these problems, an example in this paper analyzed a alternative of using a filtering system based on coanda screens. The effectiveness of filtering the Coanda screen for weed seeds and fine soil particles. During the evaluation were tested three sizes of mesh opering 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mm and 3 concentrations of each of the charges used. The 3 types of cargo are just screens, soil particles and only a mixture of both. Based on the results we recommend using opening of 0.25 mm to filter screen. Soil particles to the mes was not effective so it is recommended to use a system of setting piror to the hydraulic work containing the meh.
A problem of irrigated agriculture in Chile is the high burden of weeds in various crops (fruits, vegetables, etc.). One of the ways in which the seeds of these weeds come to the grounds is trough the waters that feed the different irrigation system. On the other hand irrigation unobstructed because the fine soil particles are very difficult to filter and this operation is costly. In the market there are different options for solving these problems, an example in this paper analyzed a alternative of using a filtering system based on coanda screens. The effectiveness of filtering the Coanda screen for weed seeds and fine soil particles. During the evaluation were tested three sizes of mesh opering 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mm and 3 concentrations of each of the charges used. The 3 types of cargo are just screens, soil particles and only a mixture of both. Based on the results we recommend using opening of 0.25 mm to filter screen. Soil particles to the mes was not effective so it is recommended to use a system of setting piror to the hydraulic work containing the meh.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil Agrícola
Keywords
Semillas - Chile, Suelos Absorción y adsorción - Chile, Riego