Flotabilidad de algas pardas Adenocystis utricularis (Bory) Skottsberg y Cystosphaera jacquinotti (Montagne) Skottsberg en Península Antártica.
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Date
2024
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La flotabilidad de las algas depende directamente de sus características físicas y biológicas, donde las adaptaciones morfológicas y fisiológicas juegan un papel crucial para permitirles mantenerse a flote, siendo un factor clave para su dispersión y conectividad. En Antártica a diferencia de otros lugares del mundo, las algas flotantes y su flotabilidad han sido escasamente estudiadas. Este estudio se centra en describir la flotabilidad de dos algas pardas: Adenocystis utricularis (sin estructuras de flotabilidad y con amplia distribución subantártica) y Cystosphaera jacquinotti (con estructuras de flotabilidad y endémica de Antártica). Para esto se recolectaron muestras de ambas especies en la Bahía Fildes de la Isla Rey Jorge, Península Antártica, con el propósito de medir la velocidad de flotabilidad en un volumen de agua y también evaluar su relación con el peso, con el objetivo de comprender su capacidad de flotabilidad. Los resultados mostraron que A. utricularis presentó una flotabilidad en el 72.4% de los casos, mientras que C. jacquinotti exhibió una flotabilidad de un 28.08% de las diferentes partes de su talo. Además, se observó que el peso puede influir, de manera positiva o negativa, en la capacidad de flotación, dependiendo de las características estructurales de cada especie. Esto demostró que, aunque A. utricularis se considera como una especie no flotante, su capacidad de retener gases en todo su talo globoso le confiere una notable flotabilidad. Por otro lado, en C. jacquinotti sólo los aerocistos presentaron flotabilidad positiva, siendo de esta forma las estructuras clave para mantenerse a flote. Estos resultados contribuyen a la comprensión de las adaptaciones y limitaciones de estas algas en la Antártica, y de su capacidad de flotabilidad, la cual puede ser clave en procesos de dispersión a distancia.
The algae buoyancy depends on their physical and biological characteristics, where morphological and physiological adaptations play a crucial role allowing them to stay afloat, being a key factor for their dispersion and connectivity. In Antarctica, unlike other places in the world, floating algae and their ability to stay afloat has been scarcely studied. This study focuses on describing the buoyancy of two brown algal species: Adenocystis utricularis (without pneumatocysts and a wide subantarctic distribution) and Cystosphaera jacquinotti (with pneumatocysts and endemic to Antarctica). Samples of both species were collected at Fildes Bay, King George Island, Antarctic Peninsula, with the aim of measuring their buoyancy rate in a volume of water and also evaluating the relation between buoyancy and weight, in order to understand their buoyancy capacity. The results showed that A. utricularis displayed buoyancy in 72.4% of the cases, while C. jacquinotti exhibited flotation in 28.08% at different parts of its thallus. Additionally, it was observed that weight can influence buoyancy, either positively or negatively, depending on the structural characteristics of each species. This study demonstrated that, although A. utricularis is considered a non-floating species, its ability to retain gases in its globose thalli gives it notable flotation. On the other hand, in C. jacquinotti, only the pneumatocysts displayed positive buoyancy, being key for staying afloat. These results contribute to the understanding of the adaptations and limitations of these algae in Antarctica, and their buoyancy capacity, which may be key in long-distance dispersal processes.
The algae buoyancy depends on their physical and biological characteristics, where morphological and physiological adaptations play a crucial role allowing them to stay afloat, being a key factor for their dispersion and connectivity. In Antarctica, unlike other places in the world, floating algae and their ability to stay afloat has been scarcely studied. This study focuses on describing the buoyancy of two brown algal species: Adenocystis utricularis (without pneumatocysts and a wide subantarctic distribution) and Cystosphaera jacquinotti (with pneumatocysts and endemic to Antarctica). Samples of both species were collected at Fildes Bay, King George Island, Antarctic Peninsula, with the aim of measuring their buoyancy rate in a volume of water and also evaluating the relation between buoyancy and weight, in order to understand their buoyancy capacity. The results showed that A. utricularis displayed buoyancy in 72.4% of the cases, while C. jacquinotti exhibited flotation in 28.08% at different parts of its thallus. Additionally, it was observed that weight can influence buoyancy, either positively or negatively, depending on the structural characteristics of each species. This study demonstrated that, although A. utricularis is considered a non-floating species, its ability to retain gases in its globose thalli gives it notable flotation. On the other hand, in C. jacquinotti, only the pneumatocysts displayed positive buoyancy, being key for staying afloat. These results contribute to the understanding of the adaptations and limitations of these algae in Antarctica, and their buoyancy capacity, which may be key in long-distance dispersal processes.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Biólogo Marino
Keywords
Algas marinas, Biodiversidad Antartica chilena, Ecología marina