Estimación de parámetros de calidad de agua en la Laguna Santa Elena usando imágenes satelitales.
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Date
2020
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El objetivo de este proyecto fue determinar parámetros de calidad de agua de la Laguna Santa Elena, basado en el procesamiento de imágenes satelitales como apoyo para la evaluación y monitoreo espacio temporal de ecosistemas. Para ello se evaluaron modelos pre-existentes y se desarrollaron modelos empíricos utilizando la reflectancia de teledetección de los sensores de Landsat 8 OLI y Sentinel 2 MSI con la corrección atmosférica MAIN y datos in situ. Se generaron modelos para estimar clorofila-a, turbiedad ytransparencia. Los modelos con las mejores correlaciones (clorofila-a: R2 = 0.853 y RMSE = 0.503 µgL-1; turbiedad: R2 = 0.578 y RMSE = 0.960 FNU), y estimaciones de temperatura superficial y trofía fueron utilizados para generar series espacio-temporales de la Laguna Santa Elena, logrando visualizar la dinámica del ecosistema para la época estival. En general la laguna presenta poca variabilidad de los parámetros analizados. Sin embargo, se identifica claramente un sector con problemas de calidad de agua, indicando valores elevados para todos los parámetros. La laguna es eutrófica, lo que indica la necesidad de generar un plan de manejo para evitar el deterioro de este ecosistema que es de gran interés para la conservación ambiental.
The objective of this project was to determine water quality parameters of Laguna Santa Elena, based on the processing of satellite images as support for the spatial and temporal evaluation and monitoring of ecosystems. To achieve this, preexisting models were evaluated and empirical models were developed using the remote sensing reflectance of the Landsat 8 OLI and Sentinel 2 MSI sensors with the atmospheric correction MAIN and in situ data. Models were generated to estimate chlorophyll-a, turbidity and transparency, accomplishing promising correlations (chlorophyll-a: R2 = 0.853 y RMSE = 0.503 µgL-1; turbidity: R2 = 0.578 y RMSE = 0.960 FNU). Through the validation of the data, the best correlations were selected to generate a time series for the summer season, managing to visualize the dynamics of the waterbody. In general, the lagoon presents little variability of the parameters analyzed. However, a sector with water quality problems is clearly identified, indicating high values for all parameters. The lagoon is eutrophic, which indicates the need to generate a management plan to avoid the deterioration of this ecosystem which is of great interest for environmental conservation.
The objective of this project was to determine water quality parameters of Laguna Santa Elena, based on the processing of satellite images as support for the spatial and temporal evaluation and monitoring of ecosystems. To achieve this, preexisting models were evaluated and empirical models were developed using the remote sensing reflectance of the Landsat 8 OLI and Sentinel 2 MSI sensors with the atmospheric correction MAIN and in situ data. Models were generated to estimate chlorophyll-a, turbidity and transparency, accomplishing promising correlations (chlorophyll-a: R2 = 0.853 y RMSE = 0.503 µgL-1; turbidity: R2 = 0.578 y RMSE = 0.960 FNU). Through the validation of the data, the best correlations were selected to generate a time series for the summer season, managing to visualize the dynamics of the waterbody. In general, the lagoon presents little variability of the parameters analyzed. However, a sector with water quality problems is clearly identified, indicating high values for all parameters. The lagoon is eutrophic, which indicates the need to generate a management plan to avoid the deterioration of this ecosystem which is of great interest for environmental conservation.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al grado de Magíster en Ingeniería Agrícola con mención en Recursos Hídricos
Keywords
Calidad del agua - Mediciones, Recursos hídricos, Agricultura de precisión - Chile - Zona Sur, Agua Limpia y Saneamiento