Determinación de la actividad microbiologica de extractos producidos por hongos endófitos aislados de Nothofagus dombeyi recolectado en el valle del Nonguén, Concepción
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Date
2024
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Los hongos endófitos son microorganismos que viven dentro de una planta hospedera sin causar daño visible. Estos microorganismos tienen la capacidad de producir compuestos llamados metabolitos secundarios, los cuales inhiben el crecimiento de ciertos patógenos, lo que los hace potencialmente útiles en aplicaciones industriales.
En este estudio, se evaluaron las propiedades antimicrobianas y herbicidas de extractos obtenidos de hongos endófitos aislados de tallos y hojas de la especie nativa Nothofagus dombeyi, recolectada en el Valle de Nonguén, Concepción. Se obtuvieron 23 extractos de hongos endófitos, de los cuales 8 mostraron actividad antibacteriana y 3 actividad antifúngica.
A partir de estos resultados, se seleccionó el extracto 22NdCon3T2B, que fue cultivado en medio líquido con diversas formulaciones y concentraciones para producir nuevos extractos de acetato de etilo. Estos extractos fueron nuevamente evaluados frente a hongos fitopatógenos y bacterias patógenas, obteniendo resultados positivos en su actividad antibacteriana. Los extractos más activos también fueron probados en semillas para medir su capacidad de inhibir la germinación.
Como conclusión, los hongos endófitos aislados de N. dombeyi demostraron actividad antibacteriana, antifúngica y herbicida, lo que los convierte en prometedores candidatos para futuras investigaciones en las industrias farmacéutica y agrícola.
Endophytic fungi are microorganisms that reside within a host plant without causing any apparent harm. These microorganisms have the ability to produce compounds known as secondary metabolites, which inhibit the growth of certain pathogens, making them potentially useful for industrial applications. In this study, the antimicrobial and herbicidal properties of extracts obtained from endophytic fungi isolated from stems and leaves of the native species Nothofagus dombeyi, collected in the Nonguén Valley, Concepción, were evaluated. A total of 23 extracts were obtained from endophytic fungi, of which 8 exhibited antibacterial activity and 3 showed antifungal activity. Based on these results, extract 22NdCon3T2B was selected and cultured in liquid media with different formulations and concentrations to produce new ethyl acetate extracts. These new extracts were tested again against phytopathogenic fungi and pathogenic bacteria, yielding favorable antibacterial activity. The most active extracts were also tested on seeds to assess their germination inhibition capacity. In conclusion, the endophytic fungi isolated from Nothofagus dombeyi demonstrated antibacterial, antifungal, and herbicidal activity, making them promising candidates for future research in the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries.
Endophytic fungi are microorganisms that reside within a host plant without causing any apparent harm. These microorganisms have the ability to produce compounds known as secondary metabolites, which inhibit the growth of certain pathogens, making them potentially useful for industrial applications. In this study, the antimicrobial and herbicidal properties of extracts obtained from endophytic fungi isolated from stems and leaves of the native species Nothofagus dombeyi, collected in the Nonguén Valley, Concepción, were evaluated. A total of 23 extracts were obtained from endophytic fungi, of which 8 exhibited antibacterial activity and 3 showed antifungal activity. Based on these results, extract 22NdCon3T2B was selected and cultured in liquid media with different formulations and concentrations to produce new ethyl acetate extracts. These new extracts were tested again against phytopathogenic fungi and pathogenic bacteria, yielding favorable antibacterial activity. The most active extracts were also tested on seeds to assess their germination inhibition capacity. In conclusion, the endophytic fungi isolated from Nothofagus dombeyi demonstrated antibacterial, antifungal, and herbicidal activity, making them promising candidates for future research in the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Ambiental
Keywords
Nothofagus dombeyi, Metabolitos Secundarios, Hongos - Chile