Estimación de costos de administración y gestión en organizaciones de usuarios del agua de riego del río Maipo, Región Metropolitana
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Date
2011
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El objetivo de este proyecto fue analizar y evaluar el costo que cancelan los usuarios del agua de riego en la cuenca del río Maipo, por conceptos de administración, operación y gestión de las Organizaciones de Usuarios del Agua (OUA) a las que pertenecen, y su relación con el nivel de profesionalización y desempeño de éstas.
El área de estudio corresponde a la cuenca hidrográfica del río Maipo, que drena una superficie de 15.304 km2, prácticamente el 100% de la Región Metropolitana y una mínima parte de las Regiones de Valparaíso (provincia de San Antonio y Valparaíso) y del Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins (provincia de Cachapoal).
Se aplicó un diagnóstico a 16 Comunidades de Aguas (CA), 11 Asociaciones de Canalistas (AC), y dos Juntas de Vigilancia (JV), correspondiente al 23% de las OUA de la cuenca. Se comparó el presupuesto anual de operación de cada OUA sobre la base de la superficie total bajo riego, el valor que cancelan los usuarios por la administración del recurso, y la relación entre cualidades, aptitudes y características administrativas con el desempeño de las OUA. Además, se analizó y comparó el precio pagado por los usuarios del agua con los costos totales de producción de los principales cultivos de las CA encuestadas.
Los resultados indican que los sistemas de administración y gestión de las OUA difieren en cada una de ellas. Se determinó que para las CA el precio que cancelan los usuarios (PPU) oscila entre los $4.000 y $81.000 ha-1 temporada-1. Para las AC, el PPU varía entre $6.000 y $41.000 ha-1 temporada-1. Se observó que la contratación de personal técnico-profesional a cargo de la administración se puede asociar con la capacidad de gestión de las OUA, medida en términos del Nivel de Desarrollo de Capacidades (NDC), influyendo en la disminución del PPU. Además, proporciona las herramientas necesarias para obtener ingresos extras, principalmente proyectos a través de la ley N°18.450, programas de mejoramiento y subsidios.
Se encontró que el precio que cancelan los regantes a las CA por hectárea bajo riego es de un 0,6 al 13,7% de los costos totales promedio de los principales cultivos de las OUA encuestadas.
The objective of this project was to analyze and assess the cost paid by users of irrigation water in the Maipo river basin, for the administration, operation and management of water user organizations (WUA) to which they belong, and its relationship to their level of professionalism and performance. The study area corresponds to the Maipo river basin which drains an area of 15.304 km2. The catchment area covers almost 100% of the Metropolitan Region and a minimal area of the Valparaiso Region (Province of San Antonio and Valparaiso) and the Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins (Cachapoal Province). The diagnosis was applied to 16 Water Communities (CA), 11 Irrigation Canal Associations (AC) and two River Administration Boards (JV) wish corresponds to 23 % of the organizations in the catchment area. The annual operating budget of each WUA, the price paid by users and the management capacities of the board of directors of each WUA were compared. In addition, the price paid by water users with the total production costs of the principal crops of the CA was determined. The results indicate that the administration and management systems of the WUA differ among them. For the CA the price that users pay (PPU) per irrigated hectare varied between $ 4.000 and $ 81.000 ha-1 season-1. For CA, the PPU varied between $6.000 and $41.000 ha-1 season-1. It was noted that hiring technical and professional staff in charge of administration can be correlated with the management capacity of the WUA, measured in terms of the Level of Capacity Development of the WUA (NDC), influencing the decline of the PPU. Moreover, it provides the management tools necessary to get extra income, mainly through projects provided by the N°18.450 law, improvement programs and subsidies. It was found that the price paid by the user to the CA per hectare under irrigation goes from 0.6 to 13.7% of average total costs of the main crops of the WUA surveyed.
The objective of this project was to analyze and assess the cost paid by users of irrigation water in the Maipo river basin, for the administration, operation and management of water user organizations (WUA) to which they belong, and its relationship to their level of professionalism and performance. The study area corresponds to the Maipo river basin which drains an area of 15.304 km2. The catchment area covers almost 100% of the Metropolitan Region and a minimal area of the Valparaiso Region (Province of San Antonio and Valparaiso) and the Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins (Cachapoal Province). The diagnosis was applied to 16 Water Communities (CA), 11 Irrigation Canal Associations (AC) and two River Administration Boards (JV) wish corresponds to 23 % of the organizations in the catchment area. The annual operating budget of each WUA, the price paid by users and the management capacities of the board of directors of each WUA were compared. In addition, the price paid by water users with the total production costs of the principal crops of the CA was determined. The results indicate that the administration and management systems of the WUA differ among them. For the CA the price that users pay (PPU) per irrigated hectare varied between $ 4.000 and $ 81.000 ha-1 season-1. For CA, the PPU varied between $6.000 and $41.000 ha-1 season-1. It was noted that hiring technical and professional staff in charge of administration can be correlated with the management capacity of the WUA, measured in terms of the Level of Capacity Development of the WUA (NDC), influencing the decline of the PPU. Moreover, it provides the management tools necessary to get extra income, mainly through projects provided by the N°18.450 law, improvement programs and subsidies. It was found that the price paid by the user to the CA per hectare under irrigation goes from 0.6 to 13.7% of average total costs of the main crops of the WUA surveyed.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil Agrícola
Keywords
Abastecimiento de Agua, Riego, Aguas - Aspectos ambientales