Comparación de riego por goteo superficial y subsuperficial en tomate industrial con y sin nano-burbujas.
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Date
2020
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La investigación fue desarrollada en la Universidad de Concepción campus Chillán, Estación Experimental El Nogal, ubicada en la comuna de Chillán, XVI Región de Chile, durante la temporada 2018-2019. El objetivo fue comparar el efecto del riego por goteo superficial y subsuperficial, con y sin nano burbujas (NB) en la producción y desarrollo de diferentes variedades de tomate industrial (H5409 (V1) y HM7883 (V2)). El área de estudio consistió en una plantación de 24 hileras de tomates de 20 m de largo, con un marco de plantación de 1,4 x 0,25 m utilizando para la aplicación de agua una cinta de riego con emisores de 1 L h-1. espaciados 0,2 m. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que no hay diferencias significativas en producción entre los diferentes tratamientos y las interacciones. Sin embargo, se observa una tendencia a una mayor producción en los tomates regados por goteo de manera superficial y aquellos regados con NB para la V1. Al comparar los resultados de calidad del fruto entre los tratamientos no existe ninguna diferencia a nivel estadístico en el contenido de solidos solubles de los tomates. Sin embargo, al realizar las interacciones entre los tratamientos se encontraron diferencias, siendo mayor el contenido de sólidos solubles en los tratamientos que se regaron con NB de manera subsuperficial y superficial sin NB. El contenido de humedad en el suelo fue mayor en los tomates regados subsuperficialmente que los por superficie. Los tomates regados superficialmente con NB muestran una mayor extracción de agua por parte de la planta, al compararlo con los regados superficialmente sin NB. La masa radicular en los tomates de la V1 regados subsuperficialmente con NB fue mayor estadísticamente al resto de los tratamientos. Finalmente se obtuvo una excelente correlación entre el porcentaje de sombreo, NDVI y el coeficiente de cultivo (Kc).
The research was developed at the Universidad de Concepción campus Chillán, Experimental Station El Nogal, located in the commune of Chillán, XVI Region of Chile, during the 2018-2019 season. The objective was to compare the effect of superficial and sub-superficial drip irrigation, with and without nano-bubbles (NB) in the production and development of different varieties of industrial tomatoes (H5409 (V1) and HM7883 (V2)). The study area consisted of a 24-row plantation of 20 m long tomatoes, with a 1.4 x 0.25 m planting frame using an irrigation tape with 1 L h-1 emitters for water application spaced 0.2 m. The results obtained show that there are no significant differences in production between different treatments and interactions. However, there is a tendency towards greater production in drip-irrigated tomatoes of superficial way superficially and those irrigated with NB for V1. When comparing the results of fruit quality between treatments, there is no statistical difference in the soluble solids content of tomatoes. However, when the interactions between treatments were found, differences were found, the content of soluble solids being higher in the treatments that were irrigated with NB in a sub-superficial and superficial way without NB. The moisture content in the soil was higher in sub-superficially irrigated tomatoes than those per superficial. Tomatoes irrigated superficially with NB show a greater extraction of water by the plant, when compared with those irrigated superficially without NB. The root mass in the tomatoes of the V1 irrigated sub-superficially with NB was statistically greater than the rest of the treatments. Finally, an excellent correlation was obtained between the percentage of shade, NDVI and the crop coefficient (Kc).
The research was developed at the Universidad de Concepción campus Chillán, Experimental Station El Nogal, located in the commune of Chillán, XVI Region of Chile, during the 2018-2019 season. The objective was to compare the effect of superficial and sub-superficial drip irrigation, with and without nano-bubbles (NB) in the production and development of different varieties of industrial tomatoes (H5409 (V1) and HM7883 (V2)). The study area consisted of a 24-row plantation of 20 m long tomatoes, with a 1.4 x 0.25 m planting frame using an irrigation tape with 1 L h-1 emitters for water application spaced 0.2 m. The results obtained show that there are no significant differences in production between different treatments and interactions. However, there is a tendency towards greater production in drip-irrigated tomatoes of superficial way superficially and those irrigated with NB for V1. When comparing the results of fruit quality between treatments, there is no statistical difference in the soluble solids content of tomatoes. However, when the interactions between treatments were found, differences were found, the content of soluble solids being higher in the treatments that were irrigated with NB in a sub-superficial and superficial way without NB. The moisture content in the soil was higher in sub-superficially irrigated tomatoes than those per superficial. Tomatoes irrigated superficially with NB show a greater extraction of water by the plant, when compared with those irrigated superficially without NB. The root mass in the tomatoes of the V1 irrigated sub-superficially with NB was statistically greater than the rest of the treatments. Finally, an excellent correlation was obtained between the percentage of shade, NDVI and the crop coefficient (Kc).
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil Agrícola
Keywords
Producción y Consumo Responsable, Tomates - Chile - Crecimiento, Riego, Industria, Innovación e Infraestructura, Agricultura de precisión - Chile