Efecto de la alimentación o actividad física en escolares diagnosticados con TDAH.
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Date
2022
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH) en escolares, es considerado un trastorno del neurodesarrollo, en el que se ven implicados diversos factores genéticos y ambientales, como la alimentación y la actividad física (AF). Objetivo: Identificar el efecto de la alimentación o actividad física en escolares diagnosticados con TDAH. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en cuatro bases de datos PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scielo, entre los años 2017 y 2021. Un total de dieciséis estudios cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Resultados: Se observó que la AF aeróbica, mejoraba el desarrollo cognitivo y disminuía la hiperactividad, la inatención y la impulsividad en los escolares con TDAH. Las 3 dietas que mejoraban la sintomatología eran: antioxidante, de eliminación y la mediterránea. En cambio, las que empeoraban los síntomas eran las dietas altas en azúcares y derivados y Productos Ultra Procesados (PUP). Conclusión: La alimentación y la AF pueden ser aplicadas como tratamiento no farmacológico alternativo para escolares con TDAH, ya que, tienen efectos positivos en la disminución de los síntomas, mejorando el rendimiento escolar y el desarrollo social.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in schoolchildren is considered a neurodevelopmental disorder, in which seven genetic and environmental factors are involved, such as diet and physical activity (PA). Objective: To identify the effect of diet or physical activity in schoolchildren diagnosed with ADHD. Materials and methods: A bibliographic search was carried out in four databases PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scielo, between the years 2017 and 2021. A total of sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: Aerobic AF was shown to improve cognitive development and decrease hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity in schoolchildren with ADHD. The 3 diets that improved symptoms were: antioxidant, elimination and Mediterranean. Instead, those that worsened the symptoms were diets high in sugars and derivatives and Ultra Processed Products (PUP). Conclusion: Diet and PA can be applied as an alternative non-pharmacological treatment for schoolchildren with ADHD, since they have positive effects in reducing symptoms, improving school performance and social development.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in schoolchildren is considered a neurodevelopmental disorder, in which seven genetic and environmental factors are involved, such as diet and physical activity (PA). Objective: To identify the effect of diet or physical activity in schoolchildren diagnosed with ADHD. Materials and methods: A bibliographic search was carried out in four databases PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scielo, between the years 2017 and 2021. A total of sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Results: Aerobic AF was shown to improve cognitive development and decrease hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity in schoolchildren with ADHD. The 3 diets that improved symptoms were: antioxidant, elimination and Mediterranean. Instead, those that worsened the symptoms were diets high in sugars and derivatives and Ultra Processed Products (PUP). Conclusion: Diet and PA can be applied as an alternative non-pharmacological treatment for schoolchildren with ADHD, since they have positive effects in reducing symptoms, improving school performance and social development.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Nutricionista.
Keywords
Conducta Alimentaria, Actividad motora, Trastorno por déficit de atención en niños