Análisis del desgaste acelerado de un sistema de riego por goteo mediante simulación fluidodinámica computacional en un huerto de frutales mayores ya establecido.
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Date
2021
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La evaluación del sistema de riego por goteo en un predio con cultivos ya establecidos desde un punto de vista energético, permitió determinar las zonas en donde se producirá un desgaste acelerado en secciones de la matriz principal, (estas degradaciones pueden llamarse puntos críticos del sistema), identificando en éste, tres partidores diferentes de paso de agua para simular dadas las condiciones del mismo, las que se componen de una entrada, accesorios y dos salidas que alimentan a un sector diferente cada una, los cuales ya existen en el huerto y permite el riego en el predio, para entender el comportamiento del flujo de fluidos, es necesario identificar el tipo de flujo que se mueve y el régimen que lo gobierna, que para este proyecto, corresponde a un flujo turbulento de régimen permanente en los modelos presentados.
ANSYS Fluent como herramienta computacional, permite la simulación de fluidos de forma dinámica, vale decir, estudiar el comportamiento de una partícula en movimiento en el flujo (Método de Lagrange), que, con el fin de conocer las zonas más afectadas de cada modelo, se genera una relación velocidad – presión, por lo que es necesaria la integración de métodos de simulación de flujos turbulentos, basados en aproximaciones como el promedio de Reynolds en las ecuaciones de Navier – Stokes (RANS), originando modelos como 𝑘 − 𝜀, el cual evalúa la energía cinética del sistema y la tasa de disipación en el flujo turbulento. La combinación de estas variables, dan origen a la viscosidad turbulenta que muestra de forma teórica las zonas más afectadas por el roce fluido – pared del modelo que sobresalga del resto (siendo aquel que ejerce una presión y velocidad mayor que los demás), generando una solución para disminuir aún más el cizalle en el interior, evaluando el cambio de presión – velocidad y de piezas secundarias en éste.
The evaluation of the drip irrigation system in a property with crops already established from an energy point of view, allowed to determine the areas wherethere will be an accelerated wear in sections of the main matrix, (these degradations can be called critical zones of the system), identifying in this one, three different partitions of water passage to simulate given the conditions of the same one, which are composed of an inlet, accessories and two outlets that feed a different barracks each, which already exist in the orchard and allow irrigation on the premises, to understand the behavior of fluid flux, it is necessary to identify the type of flux that moves and the regime that governs it, which for this project, corresponds to a turbulent flux of permanent regime in the models presented. ANSYS Fluent as a computer tool, allows the simulation of fluids dynamically, meaning, the study of the behavior of a moving particle in the flux (Lagrange Method), which, in order to know the most affected areas of each model, a speed - pressure relationship is generated, reason why it is necessary the integration of methods of simulation of turbulent flux, based on approximations like the average of Reynolds in the equations of Navier - Stokes (RANS), originating models as 𝑘 − 𝜀, which, evaluates the kinetic energy of the system and the rate of dissipation in the turbulent flux. The combination of these variables, gives origin to the turbulent viscosity that shows in a theoretical way the areas most affected by the fluid friction - wall of the model that stands out from the rest (being the one that exerts a greater pressure and speed than the others), generating a solution to further decrease the shear in the interior, evaluating the change of pressure - speed and secondary parts in it.
The evaluation of the drip irrigation system in a property with crops already established from an energy point of view, allowed to determine the areas wherethere will be an accelerated wear in sections of the main matrix, (these degradations can be called critical zones of the system), identifying in this one, three different partitions of water passage to simulate given the conditions of the same one, which are composed of an inlet, accessories and two outlets that feed a different barracks each, which already exist in the orchard and allow irrigation on the premises, to understand the behavior of fluid flux, it is necessary to identify the type of flux that moves and the regime that governs it, which for this project, corresponds to a turbulent flux of permanent regime in the models presented. ANSYS Fluent as a computer tool, allows the simulation of fluids dynamically, meaning, the study of the behavior of a moving particle in the flux (Lagrange Method), which, in order to know the most affected areas of each model, a speed - pressure relationship is generated, reason why it is necessary the integration of methods of simulation of turbulent flux, based on approximations like the average of Reynolds in the equations of Navier - Stokes (RANS), originating models as 𝑘 − 𝜀, which, evaluates the kinetic energy of the system and the rate of dissipation in the turbulent flux. The combination of these variables, gives origin to the turbulent viscosity that shows in a theoretical way the areas most affected by the fluid friction - wall of the model that stands out from the rest (being the one that exerts a greater pressure and speed than the others), generating a solution to further decrease the shear in the interior, evaluating the change of pressure - speed and secondary parts in it.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil Agrícola
Keywords
Flujo turbulento, Sistemas de riego - Chile, Riego por goteo - Chile