Análisis de los patrones de humedad y el consumo de agua de Avellanos europeos.
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Date
2022
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar los efectos del área humedecida en el consumo de agua de avellanos europeos evaluando la relación existente entre ésta y la evapotranspiración del cultivo con un sistema de riego por goteo, compuesto de 2 laterales por hilera y 8 goteros de 3,8 L h-1 por árbol.
El estudio se realizó en un sitio ubicado en la comuna de Bulnes, Región de Ñuble. La humedad en el suelo se midió a través de sensores de resistencia
eléctrica de estado sólido, instalados junto al árbol a profundidades de 15, 45 y 75 cm, y a distanciamiento horizontal en dirección oriente y poniente de 80, 130 y 250 cm. La evapotranspiración (ET) se midió con apoyo de una estación denominada ET-full ubicada en el sitio, tomando datos cada 30 min. La ET es determinada por mediciones de los componentes del BES (balance de energía superficial) y las variables micrometeorológicas. Los resultados muestran que la mayor cantidad de humedad se encuentra bajo el tronco y todo el bulbo húmedo cubre el espacio radicular siendo esto muy positivo para el frutal.
Finalmente, se demostró que el área humedecida sigue un patrón de comportamiento similar durante las 3 temporadas de riego. Se recomienda continuar explorando patrones de extracción de agua de frutales debido a que son un factor muy importante en la relación rendimiento-agua consumida por
el frutal.
The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of a moistened area on the water consumption of European hazelnuts by evaluating the relationship between this area and the evapotranspiration of the crop, using a drip irrigation system consisting of 2 laterals per row and 8 drippers of 3,8 L h-1 per tree. The study was carried out in a site located in the district of Bulnes, Ñuble Region. Soil moisture was measured through solid-state electrical resistance sensors, installed next to the tree at depths of 15, 45 and 75 cm, and at a horizontal distance in the east-west direction of 80, 130 and 250 cm. Evapotranspiration was determined by measurements of the BES (surface energy balance) components and micrometeorological variables at intervals of 30 min in a station called ET-full located on the site. The results show that the highest moisture content is found under the trunk, while the entire wet bulb covers the root space, which is highly positive for the fruit tree. Finally, it was shown that the wetted area follows a similar behavior pattern during the 3 irrigation seasons. It is recommended to continue exploring patterns of water extraction from fruit trees because they are a key factor in the relationship between yield and water consumed by the fruit tree.
The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of a moistened area on the water consumption of European hazelnuts by evaluating the relationship between this area and the evapotranspiration of the crop, using a drip irrigation system consisting of 2 laterals per row and 8 drippers of 3,8 L h-1 per tree. The study was carried out in a site located in the district of Bulnes, Ñuble Region. Soil moisture was measured through solid-state electrical resistance sensors, installed next to the tree at depths of 15, 45 and 75 cm, and at a horizontal distance in the east-west direction of 80, 130 and 250 cm. Evapotranspiration was determined by measurements of the BES (surface energy balance) components and micrometeorological variables at intervals of 30 min in a station called ET-full located on the site. The results show that the highest moisture content is found under the trunk, while the entire wet bulb covers the root space, which is highly positive for the fruit tree. Finally, it was shown that the wetted area follows a similar behavior pattern during the 3 irrigation seasons. It is recommended to continue exploring patterns of water extraction from fruit trees because they are a key factor in the relationship between yield and water consumed by the fruit tree.
Description
Proyecto de habilitación profesional presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil Agrícola
Keywords
Avellano europeo, Riego, Humedad de suelos