Evaluación de sistamas de microriego para el predio Santa Adriana sector Sagrada Familia, Curicó región del Maule
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Date
2023
Authors
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Esta investigación se desarrolló en el predio Santa Adriana de la empresa Agrizano S.A, ubicado en la comuna de Sagrada Familia de la cuidad de Curicó, Región del Maule, durante la temporada 2021- 2022. El objetivo general fue evaluar el manejo y operación del sistema de microriego implementado en la empresa Agrizano. Se evaluaron los equipos 1 y 2 de riego, los cuales contaban con plantaciones de cerezos y manzanos. Se evaluaron tres sectores por equipo ubicándose estas en una distancia cercana, media y lejana con respecto al centro de control. La evapotranspiración se determinó con la estación meteorológica San Jorge los Niches y mediante imágenes satelitales. Los resultados indicaron que hubo un exceso de agua aplicada en los sectores con manzanos, mientras que en cerezos la cantidad de agua aplicada fue similar a la requerida. Por otra parte, se analizó la máxima capacidad que tiene el suelo de retener humedad versus el volumen aplicado en la temporada 2021-2022, evidenciando perdidas por percolación en todos los sectores.
Finalmente, se recomendó cambiar la frecuencia y tiempos de riego, considerando la evapotranspiración para calcular la demanda y no aplicar más agua de la que el suelo puede retener, obteniendo un mayor rendimiento al aplicar el agua en el momento y cantidad que sea requerida.
This research was carried out on the Santa Adriana property of the company Agrizano S.A, located in the Sagrada Familia commune in the city of Curicó, Maule Region, during the 2021-2022 season. The general objective was to evaluate the management and operation of the system of micro-irrigation implemented in the company Agrizano. Irrigation teams 1 and 2, which had cherry and apple plantations, were evaluated. Three sectors per team were evaluated, locating them at a close, medium and far distance with respect to the control center. Evapotranspiration was determined with the San Jorge los Niches weather station and through satellite images. The results indicated that there was an excess of water applied in the sectors with apple trees, while in cherry trees the amount of water applied was similar to that required. On the other hand, the maximum capacity of the soil to retain moisture was analyzed versus the volume applied in the 2021-2022 season, evidencing percolation losses in all sectors. Finally, it was recommended to change the frequency and times of irrigation, considering the evapotranspiration to calculate the demand and not apply more water than the soil can retain, obtaining a higher performance by applying the water at the time and quantity that is required.
This research was carried out on the Santa Adriana property of the company Agrizano S.A, located in the Sagrada Familia commune in the city of Curicó, Maule Region, during the 2021-2022 season. The general objective was to evaluate the management and operation of the system of micro-irrigation implemented in the company Agrizano. Irrigation teams 1 and 2, which had cherry and apple plantations, were evaluated. Three sectors per team were evaluated, locating them at a close, medium and far distance with respect to the control center. Evapotranspiration was determined with the San Jorge los Niches weather station and through satellite images. The results indicated that there was an excess of water applied in the sectors with apple trees, while in cherry trees the amount of water applied was similar to that required. On the other hand, the maximum capacity of the soil to retain moisture was analyzed versus the volume applied in the 2021-2022 season, evidencing percolation losses in all sectors. Finally, it was recommended to change the frequency and times of irrigation, considering the evapotranspiration to calculate the demand and not apply more water than the soil can retain, obtaining a higher performance by applying the water at the time and quantity that is required.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil Agrícola
Keywords
Evapotranspiración, Demanda de agua