Determinación del polimorfismo rs2241766 de ADIPOQ, como factor de riesgo de alteraciones metabólicas durante la gestación en mujeres chilenas de la ciudad de Concepción.
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Date
2025
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El embarazo es un periodo de cambios fisiológicos y metabólicos complejos que aseguran el correcto desarrollo del feto y la adaptación materna a las demandas energéticas crecientes. Sin embargo, este proceso puede verse afectado por diversas alteraciones metabólicas, que conllevan riesgos tanto para la madre como para el feto. Estas alteraciones incluyen condiciones como la resistencia a la insulina, desequilibrios en las hormonas tiroideas y modificaciones en la homeostasis de lípidos y glucosa.
El presente estudio busco evaluar el impacto del polimorfismo rs2241766 del gen ADIPOQ, que codifica la hormona adiponectina, hormona la cual se encuentra relacionada con la sensibilidad a la insulina, oxidación de ácidos grasos, vasodilatación entre otras funciones, frente a los niveles hormonales y parámetros clínicos relacionados con el metabolismo durante el embarazo. con el fin de asociar la presencia del alelo de riesgo “G” al desarrollo de alteraciones metabólicas durante la gestación. Se genotipificaron las pacientes mediante la técnica de PCR-RFLP, complementada con datos clínicos sobre perfiles endocrinos, antropométricos, metabólicos y de presión arterial.
Los resultados mostraron una asociación directa entre el polimorfismo y la disminución de las hormonas TSH durante el primer trimestre, T3 total durante el primer trimestre y disminución de la presión sistólica durante el primer y segundo trimestre del embarazo. además de alteraciones en el desarrollo del neonato.
Pregnancy is a period of complex physiological and metabolic changes that ensure the proper development of the fetus and maternal adaptation to increasing energy demands. However, this process can be affected by various metabolic alterations, posing risks to both the mother and the fetus. These alterations include conditions such as insulin resistance, imbalances in thyroid hormones, and disruptions in lipid and glucose homeostasis. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of the rs2241766 polymorphism in the ADIPOQ gene, which encodes the hormone adiponectin. This hormone is associated with insulin sensitivity, fatty acid oxidation, vasodilation, and other functions. The study focused on correlating the presence of the risk allele "G" with the development of metabolic alterations during pregnancy. Patients were genotyped using the PCR-RFLP technique, complemented with clinical data on endocrine, anthropometric, metabolic, and blood pressure profiles. The results showed a direct association between the polymorphism and decreased TSH levels during the first trimester, reduced total T3 levels during the first trimester, and lower systolic blood pressure during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy, in addition to alterations in neonatal development.
Pregnancy is a period of complex physiological and metabolic changes that ensure the proper development of the fetus and maternal adaptation to increasing energy demands. However, this process can be affected by various metabolic alterations, posing risks to both the mother and the fetus. These alterations include conditions such as insulin resistance, imbalances in thyroid hormones, and disruptions in lipid and glucose homeostasis. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of the rs2241766 polymorphism in the ADIPOQ gene, which encodes the hormone adiponectin. This hormone is associated with insulin sensitivity, fatty acid oxidation, vasodilation, and other functions. The study focused on correlating the presence of the risk allele "G" with the development of metabolic alterations during pregnancy. Patients were genotyped using the PCR-RFLP technique, complemented with clinical data on endocrine, anthropometric, metabolic, and blood pressure profiles. The results showed a direct association between the polymorphism and decreased TSH levels during the first trimester, reduced total T3 levels during the first trimester, and lower systolic blood pressure during the first and second trimesters of pregnancy, in addition to alterations in neonatal development.
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Tesis presentada para optar al título de Biólogo/a.
Keywords
Embarazo, Polimorfismo Genético, Adiponectina, Metabolismo