Efecto de la levadura Rhodotorula mucilaginosa en el crecimiento y contenido lipídico de larvas de Magallana gigas producidas en hatchery.
Loading...
Date
2024
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Los criaderos de semillas (hatcheries), responsables de suministrar semillas de bivalvos a los centros de cultivo, se esfuerzan por optimizar sus condiciones de cultivo para lograr organismos sanos con altas tasas de crecimiento. La alimentación es un factor crucial que puede modificar tanto la estructura como la funcionalidad del hatchery. En este contexto, se ha investigado el uso de levaduras como alternativa a las microalgas tradicionales, debido a su alto contenido proteico, rápido crecimiento y bajo costo de producción. Estudios han demostrado que el reemplazo parcial de la dieta con levaduras puede tener impactos positivos en el crecimiento y desarrollo de bivalvos, sin embargo, pocos estudios han abordado esta problemática en estadios larvales. La levadura marina Rhodotorula mucilaginosa se destaca por su capacidad de acumular lípidos y su composición alta en nutrientes por lo que la identificación de concentraciones óptimas en la alimentación larval puede mejorar la eficiencia y rentabilidad en la producción de larvas de bivalvos, reduciendo costos y posicionando a las levaduras como una fuente potencial de alimento en la acuicultura.
En este estudio el reemplazo parcial de la levadura R. mucilaginosa en la dieta estándar compuesta por las microalgas Isochrysis galbana y Chaetoceros muelleri, resultó beneficiosa para las larvas de Magallana gigas. Se demostró que las mayores tasas de crecimiento de larvas veliger-D y preumbonadas se obtuvieron al reemplazo de un 25% y 50% de levadura en la dieta; siendo un reemplazo de un 25% uno de los más destacado con diferencias significativas respecto al control (100% microalga). Además, el contenido lipídico de las larvas alimentadas con proporciones de 25% y 50% de levadura en la dieta no tuvo diferencias significativas con el control, con una relación lineal positiva entre el índice lipídico y el crecimiento. Esto sugiere que no hubo un uso excesivo de los lípidos neutrales o de reserva, los cuales son importantes en el crecimiento, desarrollo y supervivencia de las larvas.
Hatcheries, responsible for supplying bivalve seeds to farms, strive to optimize their growing conditions to achieve healthy organisms and high growth rates. Nutrition is a crucial factor which can modify both the structure and functionality of the hatchery. In this context, the use of yeasts has been investigated as an alternative to traditional microalgae, due to its high protein content, rapid growth and low production cost. Studies have shown that partial replacement of the diet with yeast, can have positive impacts on growth and development of bivalves, however, further studies are necessary in relation to larval stages. The marine yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa stands out for its ability to accumulate lipids and its nutrient-rich composition. The identification of optimal concentrations of yeast in the feed can improve efficiency and profitability in the production of bivalve larvae, reducing costs and positioning yeasts as a potential food source in aquaculture. Partial replacement of the standard diet composed of the microalgae Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros muelleri with the yeast R. mucilaginosa was proven beneficial for bivalve larvae. It was shown that the largest growth rates of veliger-D and preumbonate larvae of Magallana gigas were obtained by replacing a 25% and 50% of algae with yeast. The most significant differences were obtained by replacing a 25% of the diet in comparison to the control fed with 100% microalgae. Furthermore, the lipid content of larvae fed with proportions of 25% and 50% yeast in the diet did not had significant differences with the control, experiencing a linear relationship between the lipid index and growth, also showing that there was no excessive depletion of neutral or reserve lipids, which are important in growth, development and survival of larvae.
Hatcheries, responsible for supplying bivalve seeds to farms, strive to optimize their growing conditions to achieve healthy organisms and high growth rates. Nutrition is a crucial factor which can modify both the structure and functionality of the hatchery. In this context, the use of yeasts has been investigated as an alternative to traditional microalgae, due to its high protein content, rapid growth and low production cost. Studies have shown that partial replacement of the diet with yeast, can have positive impacts on growth and development of bivalves, however, further studies are necessary in relation to larval stages. The marine yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa stands out for its ability to accumulate lipids and its nutrient-rich composition. The identification of optimal concentrations of yeast in the feed can improve efficiency and profitability in the production of bivalve larvae, reducing costs and positioning yeasts as a potential food source in aquaculture. Partial replacement of the standard diet composed of the microalgae Isochrysis galbana and Chaetoceros muelleri with the yeast R. mucilaginosa was proven beneficial for bivalve larvae. It was shown that the largest growth rates of veliger-D and preumbonate larvae of Magallana gigas were obtained by replacing a 25% and 50% of algae with yeast. The most significant differences were obtained by replacing a 25% of the diet in comparison to the control fed with 100% microalgae. Furthermore, the lipid content of larvae fed with proportions of 25% and 50% yeast in the diet did not had significant differences with the control, experiencing a linear relationship between the lipid index and growth, also showing that there was no excessive depletion of neutral or reserve lipids, which are important in growth, development and survival of larvae.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Bióloga Marina.
Keywords
Cultivo de Bivalvos, Levaduras