Análisis de la eficiencia energética y disminución del CO2 de los camiones reefer en la cadena logística de frío de la produccón y comercialización de cerezas frescas.
Loading...
Date
2022
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Las emisiones de CO2 cada año han ido en alza en el sector del transporte, esto se debe principalmente por el aumento de camiones de carga a diésel que vemos día a día transitar con mercancías por las carreteras de nuestro país. Sin duda, estos son de vital importancia ya que, son los encargados de transportar alimentos de primera necesidad, que muchas veces requieren de condiciones especiales en su ruta.
El principal responsable en el aumento del CO2 es el diésel, es por este motivo que hace bastantes años muchas empresas de camiones están trabajando con nuevas alternativas de energía para el transporte de carga pesada, con el propósito de encontrar la menos contaminante y más eficiente. En este estudio se trabajó con la cadena logística de transporte (reefer) de la cereza de un huerto específico, con la finalidad, de obtener las emisiones de CO2 derivadas del transporte de esta (camiones diésel), para posteriormente ser comparadas con diferentes alternativas de energías utilizadas en camiones (gas licuado del petróleo (GLP), gas natural licuado (GNL), híbridos, eléctricos e hidrógeno verde). El estudio se sustentó en una revisión bibliográfica, en base de los factores de emisiones de CO2 y en pruebas ya realizas con las diferentes alternativas de energías, se obtuvo la cantidad de emisiones de CO2 que cada una de estas producía en la cadena logística de frío del transporte de la cereza. Como resultados, se obtuvo que al utilizar cada una de estas alternativas de energías en el transporte, serian de gran beneficio para este sector ya que, al utilizarlas las emisiones de CO2 disminuirían y aumentaría la eficiencia en el transporte de la cereza, trayendo consigo una significativa disminución de los Gases de Efecto Invernadero (GEI).
Each year, CO2 emissions have been increasing the transportation sector, this is mainly due to the increase in Diesel based trucks that we see daily transit with goods through the roads of our country. Undoubtedly, these are of vitally important because they are in charge of carrying food of first need which, in many cases, requires special conditions in their route. The main responsible for the increase in CO2 is Diesel. For this reason, since many years ago, a lot of tracking companies have been working with new energy alternatives for the Load charge transport in order to find the least polluting and the most efficient. In this research, we worked with the transport logistic chain (reefer) of cherries from a specific orchard. In order to get the CO2 emissions from the transport of this, later is going to be compared with different energy alternatives used in trucks (Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), Hybrids, Electrics and Green Hydrogen). This research was based on a bibliographic inquiry, taking into account; CO2 emissions, tests carried out with different alternatives of energy, and the amount of CO2 emissions that each of them produced into the logistic chain of the transport of the cherries. As a result, it was obtained that by using each one of these energy alternatives in transport, they would be a great benefit for this sector because when we use this alternative, CO2 emissions would decrease and increase the efficiency in the transport of cherries bringing with it a very significant decrease in Greenhouse Effect (GHG).
Each year, CO2 emissions have been increasing the transportation sector, this is mainly due to the increase in Diesel based trucks that we see daily transit with goods through the roads of our country. Undoubtedly, these are of vitally important because they are in charge of carrying food of first need which, in many cases, requires special conditions in their route. The main responsible for the increase in CO2 is Diesel. For this reason, since many years ago, a lot of tracking companies have been working with new energy alternatives for the Load charge transport in order to find the least polluting and the most efficient. In this research, we worked with the transport logistic chain (reefer) of cherries from a specific orchard. In order to get the CO2 emissions from the transport of this, later is going to be compared with different energy alternatives used in trucks (Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), Hybrids, Electrics and Green Hydrogen). This research was based on a bibliographic inquiry, taking into account; CO2 emissions, tests carried out with different alternatives of energy, and the amount of CO2 emissions that each of them produced into the logistic chain of the transport of the cherries. As a result, it was obtained that by using each one of these energy alternatives in transport, they would be a great benefit for this sector because when we use this alternative, CO2 emissions would decrease and increase the efficiency in the transport of cherries bringing with it a very significant decrease in Greenhouse Effect (GHG).
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Ambiental
Keywords
Energía alternativa, Cerezas, Transporte de alimentos, Efecto invernadero - Chile.