Subjetividades políticas generacionales en activistas del gran Concepción en las revueltas de octubre de 2019.
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Date
2024
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La investigación tiene por objetivo comprender las principales características que configuran a las subjetividades políticas de activistas del Gran Concepción, enmarcadas en el escenario post revueltas del octubre chileno de 2019, desde una perspectiva generacional y territorial. Para ello, emplea una estrategia metodológica cualitativa de tipo exploratoria, vertebrada por el método biográfico y entrevistas semiestructuradas que construyen relatos de vida como técnica de levantamiento de información. Realizadas virtualmente a través del software Zoom entre abril de 2020 y diciembre de 2021 a una muestra de 8 activistas del Gran Concepción, organizados en tres unidades generacionales: la de los 90, de 2011 y de 2018-2019. Las técnicas de análisis se basan en codificaciones abiertas y axiales de los relatos, siguiendo una lógica de comparación constante entre los niveles micro (biografía - activista), meso (mediaciones de las culturas activistas - situación generacional) y macro (procesos sociohistóricos que caracterizan su unidad generacional). Se consideran aspectos éticos como el consentimiento informado, la anonimización y devolución de resultados a los/as activistas.
Los hallazgos revelan que las revueltas de octubre han operado como un catalizador de procesos de reconfiguración de las subjetividades políticas y las resistencias en el Gran Concepción. A través de las miradas generacionales de los/as activistas del territorio, se identifican rupturas significativas, como la irrupción de nuevos actores y demandas que desafían las formas tradicionales de hacer política; la transversalidad y horizontalidad de las movilizaciones; y la politización de diversos ámbitos de la vida cotidiana. No obstante, estas novedades dialogan con otros momentos históricos de movilización, donde las memorias y saberes de lucha acumulados se reactualizan y ponen a disposición de los nuevos activismos. En tanto aprendizajes de este ciclo, los/as activistas destacan la necesidad de fortalecer la articulación territorial de las resistencias, valorar las memorias subalternas y reapropiarse popularmente de los espacios de participación política. Así, las revueltas constituyen un momento de apertura de posibilidades para la imaginación de nuevos horizontes emancipatorios, que requieren de un trabajo sostenido de fortalecimiento del tejido social, y simultáneamente disputar espacios institucionalizados. Concluyendo, el estudio aporta a la comprensión de las transformaciones subjetivas y políticas que implican las revueltas en el Gran Concepción, desde voces que representan diversidad de generaciones activistas del territorio.
The research aims to understand the main characteristics that shape the political subjectivities of activists from Greater Concepción, framed in the post-revolt scenario of Chilean October 2019, from a generational and territorial perspective. To do this, it uses an exploratory qualitative methodological strategy, structured by the biographical method and semi-structured interviews that construct life stories as an information gathering technique. Conducted virtually through Zoom software between April 2020 and December 2021 to a sample of 8 activists from Greater Concepción, organized into three generational units: that of the 90s, 2011 and 2018-2019. The analysis techniques are based on open and axial coding of the stories, following a logic of constant comparison between the micro (biography - activist), meso (mediations of activist cultures - generational situation) and macro (sociohistorical processes that characterize their generational unit). Ethical aspects such as informed consent, anonymization and return of results to activists are considered. The findings reveal that the October revolts have operated as a catalyst for processes of reconfiguration of political subjectivities and resistance in Greater Concepción. Through the generational perspectives of the territory's activists, significant ruptures are identified, such as the emergence of new actors and demands that challenge traditional ways of doing politics; the transversality and horizontality of the mobilizations; and the politicization of various areas of daily life. However, these developments dialogue with other historical moments of mobilization, where the accumulated memories and knowledge of struggle are updated and made available to new activisms. As lessons learned from this cycle, activists highlight the need to strengthen the territorial articulation of resistance, value subaltern memories and popularly reappropriate spaces for political participation. Thus, the revolts constitute a moment of opening of possibilities for the imagination of new emancipatory horizons, which require sustained work to strengthen the social fabric, and simultaneously contest institutionalized spaces. Concluding, the study contributes to the understanding of the subjective and political transformations that the revolts in Greater Concepción imply, from voices that represent the diversity of activist generations of the territory.
The research aims to understand the main characteristics that shape the political subjectivities of activists from Greater Concepción, framed in the post-revolt scenario of Chilean October 2019, from a generational and territorial perspective. To do this, it uses an exploratory qualitative methodological strategy, structured by the biographical method and semi-structured interviews that construct life stories as an information gathering technique. Conducted virtually through Zoom software between April 2020 and December 2021 to a sample of 8 activists from Greater Concepción, organized into three generational units: that of the 90s, 2011 and 2018-2019. The analysis techniques are based on open and axial coding of the stories, following a logic of constant comparison between the micro (biography - activist), meso (mediations of activist cultures - generational situation) and macro (sociohistorical processes that characterize their generational unit). Ethical aspects such as informed consent, anonymization and return of results to activists are considered. The findings reveal that the October revolts have operated as a catalyst for processes of reconfiguration of political subjectivities and resistance in Greater Concepción. Through the generational perspectives of the territory's activists, significant ruptures are identified, such as the emergence of new actors and demands that challenge traditional ways of doing politics; the transversality and horizontality of the mobilizations; and the politicization of various areas of daily life. However, these developments dialogue with other historical moments of mobilization, where the accumulated memories and knowledge of struggle are updated and made available to new activisms. As lessons learned from this cycle, activists highlight the need to strengthen the territorial articulation of resistance, value subaltern memories and popularly reappropriate spaces for political participation. Thus, the revolts constitute a moment of opening of possibilities for the imagination of new emancipatory horizons, which require sustained work to strengthen the social fabric, and simultaneously contest institutionalized spaces. Concluding, the study contributes to the understanding of the subjective and political transformations that the revolts in Greater Concepción imply, from voices that represent the diversity of activist generations of the territory.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al grado académico de Magíster en Investigación Social y Desarrollo
Keywords
Activismo, Movimientos sociales Chile, Participación ciudadana Chile