Fluidizador de lecho de partículas
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Date
2006
Authors
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El objetivo de este estudio fue diseñar y construir un equipo que permitiese fluidizar materiales agrícolas, capaz de trabajar en un amplio rango de velocidades.
El equipo diseñado consiste de un prisma recto de área basal 0,18 m2 y 1,5m de alto en que la aplicación de aire se hace a altas velocidades desde la parte inferior a la parte superior. Este aire en su recorrido suspende el material sólido y se mezcla con él, formando el lecho fluidizado, que adquiere la forma del recipiente que lo contiene. Las partículas sólidas se arremolinan y caen al fondo, posteriormente vuelven a elevarse y a caer. Este ciclo se repite cientos de veces.
La construcción del equipo se realizó en la Planta de Secado de la Facultad de Ingeniería Agrícola. El rango de velocidades de trabajo del equipo va de 1,5 7,5 m s-1. Por otro lado, se determinaron las velocidades de fluidizado del trigo (Triticum aestivum L.), maíz (Zea mays) y avellana (Gevuina avellana) a distinta altura de cama. No fue posible comparar las velocidades de fluidizado obtenidas en este estudio para distintas alturas de grano, al no encontrar información bibliográfica. Sin embargo, las propiedades físicas del trigo y maíz, tales como masa, densidad aparente, volumen, porosidad y esfericidad se encuentran en rangos similares a los informados por otros autores.
No se encontraron en la literatura información para comparar las propiedades físicas de la avellana.
Como resultado del estudio, el equipo puede trabajar y cumplir los objetivos propuestos.
The objective of this study was to design and to construct an equipment that would to fluidize agricultural materials, and able to work in an wide range of speeds. The designed equipment consists of a straight prism of 0,18 m2 base area and 1,5 m tall in which the application of air is at high speeds from the lower part to the higher part. This air suspends the solid material mixing itself with it, forming a fluidized bed column that acquire the form of the container that contains them. The solid particles form whirlpools and fall to the bottom; later they to rise and to fall again, repeating this cycle hundreds of times. The construction of the equipment was made in the drying plant laboratory of the Agricultural Engineering Faculty. The range of working speeds of the equipment goes from 1,5-7,5 m s-1. On the other hand, the fluidized speeds for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), corn (Zea mays) and chilean hazelnut (Gevuina avellana) at different drying layer heights were determined. It was not possible to compare the results obtained in this study of the fluidized speeds for different grain heights, because information bibliographical were not found. Nevertheless, the physical properties of wheat and corn, such as mass, bulk density, volume, porosity and sphericity are in similar range of the ones available by other authors. There are not in information literature to compare the physical properties of the hazelnut. As resulting from the study, the equipment can work and fulfill the objectives proposed.
The objective of this study was to design and to construct an equipment that would to fluidize agricultural materials, and able to work in an wide range of speeds. The designed equipment consists of a straight prism of 0,18 m2 base area and 1,5 m tall in which the application of air is at high speeds from the lower part to the higher part. This air suspends the solid material mixing itself with it, forming a fluidized bed column that acquire the form of the container that contains them. The solid particles form whirlpools and fall to the bottom; later they to rise and to fall again, repeating this cycle hundreds of times. The construction of the equipment was made in the drying plant laboratory of the Agricultural Engineering Faculty. The range of working speeds of the equipment goes from 1,5-7,5 m s-1. On the other hand, the fluidized speeds for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), corn (Zea mays) and chilean hazelnut (Gevuina avellana) at different drying layer heights were determined. It was not possible to compare the results obtained in this study of the fluidized speeds for different grain heights, because information bibliographical were not found. Nevertheless, the physical properties of wheat and corn, such as mass, bulk density, volume, porosity and sphericity are in similar range of the ones available by other authors. There are not in information literature to compare the physical properties of the hazelnut. As resulting from the study, the equipment can work and fulfill the objectives proposed.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil Agrícola
Keywords
Fluidización, Ingeniería agrícola, Innovaciones agricolas - Chile