Hongos endófitos aislados de Nothofagus dombeyi y Nothofagus oblicua recolectados en la Cordillera de Los Andes y Valle Central, Región de Ñuble: distribución de especies y producción de extractos activos contra bacterias y hongos patógenos.
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Date
2024
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Los hongos endófitos, que residen en las plantas sin causar daño, producen metabolitos secundarios con múltiples funciones. Estos compuestos no solo protegen a las plantas de enfermedades y predadores, sino que también tienen aplicaciones en agricultura, siendo alternativas naturales a los fungicidas. Este estudio se centró en examinar las propiedades antimicrobianas de extractos naturales obtenidos de dos especies de árboles del género Nothofagus en la Región de Ñuble. Se aislaron 27 cepas de hongos, de las cuales 12 mostraron actividad positiva frente a hongos y bacterias probados. Entre estas, se seleccionó la cepa con mayor potencial de inhibición para realizar pruebas in vivo en manzanas, demostrando una eficacia comparable a la de un fungicida comercial. Este hallazgo revela la presencia de productos naturales activos derivados de hongos endófitos extraídos de Nothofagus, los cuales podrían ser utilizados como futuros agroquímicos naturales.
Endophytic fungi, which reside in plants without causing damage, produce secondary metabolites with multiple functions. These compounds not only protect plants from diseases and predators, but also have applications in agriculture, being natural alternatives to fungicides. This study focused on examining the antimicrobial properties of natural extracts obtained from two species of trees of the genus Nothofagus in the Ñuble Region. Twenty-seven fungal strains were isolated, of which 12 showed positive activity against fungi and bacteria tested. Among these, the strain with the highest inhibition potential was selected for in vivo tests on apples, demonstrating an efficacy comparable to that of a commercial fungicide. This finding reveals the presence of active natural products derived from endophytic fungi extracted from Nothofagus, which could be used as future natural agrochemicals.
Endophytic fungi, which reside in plants without causing damage, produce secondary metabolites with multiple functions. These compounds not only protect plants from diseases and predators, but also have applications in agriculture, being natural alternatives to fungicides. This study focused on examining the antimicrobial properties of natural extracts obtained from two species of trees of the genus Nothofagus in the Ñuble Region. Twenty-seven fungal strains were isolated, of which 12 showed positive activity against fungi and bacteria tested. Among these, the strain with the highest inhibition potential was selected for in vivo tests on apples, demonstrating an efficacy comparable to that of a commercial fungicide. This finding reveals the presence of active natural products derived from endophytic fungi extracted from Nothofagus, which could be used as future natural agrochemicals.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniera Agroindustrial
Keywords
Metabolitos Secundarios, Actividad antimicrobiana, Extractos naturales