Reutilización de residuos agroforestales para la producción de hongos comestibles en la región de Ñuble
Loading...
Date
2023
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Se llevó a cabo una evaluación del cultivo de los hongos Pleurotus ostreatus y Lentinula edodes en diferentes sustratos compuestos de materia residual y subproductos de la industria agroforestal (salvado de trigo, chip y aserrín de eucaliptus) aplicando distintas proporciones de estos y midiendo su efectividad a través de distintos indicadores, tales como el conteo de carpóforos obtenidos, la eficiencia biológica (EB), la tasa de producción (TP), rendimiento (Kg/m²), tamaño del sombrero, etc. Las mezclas para evaluar pasaron por un proceso de preselección en placas petri para seleccionar los tres que presentaron mejor colonización en un intervalo de tiempo de dos semanas.
Una vez hecha la preselección se prepararon cuatro repeticiones de cada uno en formato de 1 kg y se inocularon con 100 g de semilla colonizada con el respectivo hongo. Se acondicionaron salas tanto de incubación como fructificación para darle las condiciones correctas en cada fase del proceso y una vez cosechados los cuerpos fructíferos se procedió al levantamiento y análisis de datos. Concluyendo así que el sustrato que presentó los mejores resultados fue el “D” con valores de 52 y 0,61 para EB y TP respectivamente en L. edodes. Y valores de 43,59 y 0,70 para EB y TP respectivamente en P. ostreatus. y rendimientos de 0,89 y 0,96 kg/m² para L. edodes y P. ostreatus
respectivamente.
An evaluation of the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinula edodes fungi on different substrates composed of residual matter and by-products of the agroforestry industry (wheat bran, chip and eucalyptus sawdust) was carried out by applying different proportions of these and measuring their effectiveness through different indicators, such as the count of carpophores obtained, biological efficiency (EB), production rate (TP), yield (Kg/m²), cap size, etc. The mixtures to be evaluated underwent a pre-selection process in petri dishes to select the three that showed the best colonization in a time interval of two weeks. Once the pre-selection was done, four replicates of each were prepared in 1 kg format and inoculated with 100 g of colonized seed with the respective fungus. Incubation and fruiting rooms were conditioned to provide the correct conditions for each phase of the process and once the fruiting bodies were harvested, data were collected and analyzed. Thus concluding that the substrate that presented the best results was "D" with values of 52 and 0.61 for EB and TP respectively in L. edodes. And values of 43.59 and 0.70 for EB and TP respectively in P. ostreatus. and yields of 0.89 and 0.96 kg/m² for L. edodes and P. ostreatus respectively.
An evaluation of the cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinula edodes fungi on different substrates composed of residual matter and by-products of the agroforestry industry (wheat bran, chip and eucalyptus sawdust) was carried out by applying different proportions of these and measuring their effectiveness through different indicators, such as the count of carpophores obtained, biological efficiency (EB), production rate (TP), yield (Kg/m²), cap size, etc. The mixtures to be evaluated underwent a pre-selection process in petri dishes to select the three that showed the best colonization in a time interval of two weeks. Once the pre-selection was done, four replicates of each were prepared in 1 kg format and inoculated with 100 g of colonized seed with the respective fungus. Incubation and fruiting rooms were conditioned to provide the correct conditions for each phase of the process and once the fruiting bodies were harvested, data were collected and analyzed. Thus concluding that the substrate that presented the best results was "D" with values of 52 and 0.61 for EB and TP respectively in L. edodes. And values of 43.59 and 0.70 for EB and TP respectively in P. ostreatus. and yields of 0.89 and 0.96 kg/m² for L. edodes and P. ostreatus respectively.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Ambiental
Keywords
Agroforestación, Hongos comestibles, Residuos orgánicos