Influencia moduladora del fotoperiodo artificial en la expresión transcripcional de genes asociados al sistema inmune de trucha arcoíris (oncorhynchus mykiss).
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Date
2024
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El fotoperiodo artificial es una herramienta de manejo ampliamente utilizada en la industria salmonera con el objetivo de controlar aspectos fisiológicos de los peces como la reproducción y el crecimiento, y con ello mejorar el rendimiento productivo. En este estudio se investigó la influencia reguladora de distintas configuraciones de fotoperiodo artificial sobre algunos mecanismos de la respuesta inmune de alevines de Oncorhynchus mykiss. A partir de tejido hematopoyético obtenido de la cabeza del riñón se cuantificó mediante RT-qPCR el nivel de transcritos de genes implicados en la respuesta Th1 y Th2 de linfocitos T colaboradores (T-bet e IL-17α, respectivamente), y de genes que codifican citoquinas proinflamatorias de la respuesta inmune inespecífica (TNFα e IL-1β1). Los grupos experimentales, los cuales estuvieron bajo la exposición de fotoperiodo 24L:0D y 14L:10D, al compararlos con el estado inicial de los peces, mostraron una regulación negativa de T-bet, TNFα e IL-1β1 luego de 45 días de aplicación de luz artificial, mientras que el grupo control mantenido bajo 12L:12D no mostró variaciones en ninguno de los genes analizados durante el ensayo. En términos generales, esta tesis logra evidenciar y sugiere que el fotoperiodo artificial tiene la capacidad de interferir en algunos mecanismos de la respuesta inmune que son claves para generación de memoria inmunológica y la defensa frente a organismos patógeno en alevines de trucha arcoíris.
Artificial photoperiod is a management tool widely used in the salmon industry to control physiological aspects of fish such as reproduction and growth, and thereby improve production performance. In this study, the regulatory influence of different artificial photoperiod settings on some mechanisms of the immune response of Oncorhynchus mykiss fry was investigated. From hematopoietic tissue obtained from the kidney head, the level of transcripts of genes involved in the Th1 and Th2 response of T-helper T lymphocytes (T-bet and IL-17α, respectively), and genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines of the non-specific immune response (TNFα and IL-1β1) were quantified by RT-qPCR. The experimental groups, which were under 24L:0D and 14L:10D photoperiod exposure, when compared to the initial state of the fish, showed a negative regulation of T-bet, TNFα and IL-1β1 after 45 days of artificial light application, while the control group maintained under 12L:12D showed no variations in any of the genes analyzed during the assay. In general terms, this thesis provides evidence and suggests that artificial photoperiod has the capacity to interfere in some mechanisms of the immune response that are key to the generation of immunological memory and defense against pathogenic organisms in rainbow trout fry.
Artificial photoperiod is a management tool widely used in the salmon industry to control physiological aspects of fish such as reproduction and growth, and thereby improve production performance. In this study, the regulatory influence of different artificial photoperiod settings on some mechanisms of the immune response of Oncorhynchus mykiss fry was investigated. From hematopoietic tissue obtained from the kidney head, the level of transcripts of genes involved in the Th1 and Th2 response of T-helper T lymphocytes (T-bet and IL-17α, respectively), and genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines of the non-specific immune response (TNFα and IL-1β1) were quantified by RT-qPCR. The experimental groups, which were under 24L:0D and 14L:10D photoperiod exposure, when compared to the initial state of the fish, showed a negative regulation of T-bet, TNFα and IL-1β1 after 45 days of artificial light application, while the control group maintained under 12L:12D showed no variations in any of the genes analyzed during the assay. In general terms, this thesis provides evidence and suggests that artificial photoperiod has the capacity to interfere in some mechanisms of the immune response that are key to the generation of immunological memory and defense against pathogenic organisms in rainbow trout fry.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Biólogo Marino.
Keywords
Truchas, Reproducción, Crecimiento, Sistema inmune