Análisis global del comportamiento de la carga en el interior de un molino rotatorio.
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Date
2024
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
En esta investigación se realizó un análisis del comportamiento de la carga en un molino rotatorio mediante la medición vibraciones en el interior del molino. Para ello, se implementó un sistema de medición con acelerómetros instalados al interior de un lifter y en el manto del molino SetupSAG. Se estudiaron diferentes condiciones operativas variando el nivel de llenado y la velocidad de rotación.
Por otra parte, se realizó una síntesis de investigaciones previas con el objetivo analizar los efectos del nivel de llenado y velocidad de rotación en el desgaste de los recubrimientos y en la eficiencia de la molienda. Donde la energía específica de impacto (ISE) y la energía específica de corte (SSE), determinan que, a mayores velocidades, los impactos se concentran principalmente en los revestimientos, aumentando así su desgaste, mientras que velocidades más bajas generan impactos predominantemente sobre la carga, reduciendo la eficacia de molienda.
Se caracterizó el sistema de medición mediante ensayos de golpes y pruebas en vacío, permitiendo identificar frecuencias naturales y determinar rangos adecuados para el análisis espectral y filtrado de las señales. Los resultados obtenidos con el sensor en el interior de un lifter en condiciones de operación con carga presentan la capacidad del sistema de medición para identificar posiciones angulares tales como el talón, hombro y punto de impacto. Por otro lado, el sensor instalado en el manto del molino no entregó señales tan claras como las obtenidas desde el interior. No obstante, al tratarse de una ubicación comúnmente utilizada en este tipo de mediciones, sus registros sirvieron como punto de referencia para las señales captadas en el interior del lifter.
In this research, an analysis of the load behavior in a rotary mill was carried out by measuring vibrations inside the mill. For this purpose, a measurement system was implemented with accelerometers installed inside a lifter and in the SetupSAG mill mantle. Different operating conditions were studied by varying the filling level and the rotation speed. On the other hand, a synthesis of previous research was carried out in order to analyze the effects of filling level and rotation speed on liner wear and grinding efficiency. Where the specific impact energy (ISE) and the specific shear energy (SSE), determine that, at higher speeds, the impacts are mainly concentrated on the liners, thus increasing their wear, while lower speeds generate impacts predominantly on the charge, reducing the grinding efficiency. The measurement system was characterized through shock and no-load tests, allowing the identification of natural frequencies and the determination of suitable ranges for spectral analysis and signal filtering. The results obtained with the sensor inside a lifter under loaded operating conditions show the capacity of the measurement system to identify angular positions such as heel, shoulder and impact point. On the other hand, the sensor mounted on the mantle did not present such clear signals. However, as the position in which it is located is more usual, its measurements serve as a reference to conclude that the measurements inside are representative of the load behavior.
In this research, an analysis of the load behavior in a rotary mill was carried out by measuring vibrations inside the mill. For this purpose, a measurement system was implemented with accelerometers installed inside a lifter and in the SetupSAG mill mantle. Different operating conditions were studied by varying the filling level and the rotation speed. On the other hand, a synthesis of previous research was carried out in order to analyze the effects of filling level and rotation speed on liner wear and grinding efficiency. Where the specific impact energy (ISE) and the specific shear energy (SSE), determine that, at higher speeds, the impacts are mainly concentrated on the liners, thus increasing their wear, while lower speeds generate impacts predominantly on the charge, reducing the grinding efficiency. The measurement system was characterized through shock and no-load tests, allowing the identification of natural frequencies and the determination of suitable ranges for spectral analysis and signal filtering. The results obtained with the sensor inside a lifter under loaded operating conditions show the capacity of the measurement system to identify angular positions such as heel, shoulder and impact point. On the other hand, the sensor mounted on the mantle did not present such clear signals. However, as the position in which it is located is more usual, its measurements serve as a reference to conclude that the measurements inside are representative of the load behavior.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniera Civil Mecánica
Keywords
Molinos, Maquinaria para molienda, Cargas dinámicas