Estudio del impacto de la forma de los bloques en el comportamiento mecánico de muestras de roca usando un modelo DEM a escala de laboratorio.
No Thumbnail Available
Date
2024
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El análisis del comportamiento mecánico de las rocas bajo carga mediante modelos constituye una herramienta valiosa en el diseño de estructuras geotécnicas y en la planificación de operaciones mineras. Estos modelos permiten simular cómo las propiedades de las rocas, tales como la cohesión, la fricción interna y el módulo de Young, entre otras, influyen en la resistencia y deformación del material. A pesar de contar con estas herramientas de modelado y de contar con información, aún persiste una brecha en el conocimiento sobre cómo las propiedades interactúan en función de la configuración geométrica interna del material y afectan las curvas de esfuerzo-deformación. Estos puntos son relevantes en el contexto de la estabilidad estructural, además de establecer una manera de predecir los comportamientos, donde una modelación precisa del comportamiento mecánico puede optimizar los diseños reales aplicables al campo civil o minero.
Para abordar esta problemática, este trabajo desarrolla un estudio exhaustivo a través de simulaciones numéricas basadas en el método de elementos discretos (DEM), utilizando el software 3DEC. La investigación se enfoca en dos configuraciones geométricas: bloques de tipo Voronoi y tetraédricos. Se evalúa cómo la forma y disposición de estos bloques afectan los parámetros mecánicos de interés y el comportamiento en las fases pre y post-peak. Además, se analizan combinaciones de micro propiedades que, aunque directamente no son propias del comportamiento macro, son necesarias para ejecutar el modelo y resultan críticas para comprender su influencia en la interacción.
Se ejecutan 256 simulaciones, distribuidas entre las dos configuraciones, a las cuales se les aplica un análisis estadístico mediante ANOVA en el cual se aplica una regresión lineal estimando la repuesta de parámetros mecánicos, identificando así los parámetros más significativos y las interacciones relevantes. Los resultados indican que la configuración Voronoi presenta comportamientos duales, exhibiendo tanto strain softening como strain hardening. En cambio, la configuración tetraédrica mostró exclusivamente strain softening, en términos generales.
La investigación aporta al campo de la mecánica de rocas y al modelamiento numérico, al proporcionar una comprensión más detallada de cómo las micro propiedades y la configuración geométrica afectan el comportamiento estructural bajo carga. Las conclusiones de esta investigación tienen implicaciones directas para la calibración de modelos numéricos relacionados con la mecánica de rocas y para el diseño de estructuras geotécnicas más seguras, proporcionando herramientas prácticas para sus análisis.
The analysis of the mechanical behavior of rocks under load using models is a valuable tool in the design of geotechnical structures and in the planning of mining operations. These models allow simulating how rock properties, such as cohesion, internal friction, and Young's modulus, among others, influence the strength and deformation of the material. Despite having these modeling tools and information, there is still a gap in knowledge about how properties interact based on the internal geometric configuration of the material and affect the stress-strain curves. These points are relevant in the context of structural stability, in addition to establishing a way to predict behaviors, where accurate modeling of mechanical behavior can optimize real designs applicable to the civil or mining field. To address this problem, this work develops an exhaustive study through numerical simulations based on the discrete element method (DEM), using the 3DEC software. The research focuses on two geometric configurations: Voronoi and tetrahedral blocks. The shape and arrangement of these blocks affect the mechanical parameters of interest and the behavior in the pre- and post-peak phases. In addition, combinations of micro properties are analyzed that, although they are not directly part of macro behavior, are necessary to run the model and are critical to understand its influence on the interaction. 256 simulations are run, distributed between the two configurations, to which a statistical analysis is applied using ANOVA in which a linear regression is applied estimating the response of mechanical parameters, thus identifying the most significant parameters and the relevant interactions. The results indicate that the Voronoi configuration presented dual behaviors, exhibiting both strain softening and strain hardening. In contrast, the tetrahedral configuration showed exclusively strain softening, in general terms. The research contributes to the field of rock mechanics and numerical modeling by providing a more detailed understanding of how micro properties and geometric configuration affect structural behavior under load. The findings of this research have direct implications for the calibration of numerical models related to rock mechanics and for the design of safer geotechnical structures, providing practical tools for their analysis.
The analysis of the mechanical behavior of rocks under load using models is a valuable tool in the design of geotechnical structures and in the planning of mining operations. These models allow simulating how rock properties, such as cohesion, internal friction, and Young's modulus, among others, influence the strength and deformation of the material. Despite having these modeling tools and information, there is still a gap in knowledge about how properties interact based on the internal geometric configuration of the material and affect the stress-strain curves. These points are relevant in the context of structural stability, in addition to establishing a way to predict behaviors, where accurate modeling of mechanical behavior can optimize real designs applicable to the civil or mining field. To address this problem, this work develops an exhaustive study through numerical simulations based on the discrete element method (DEM), using the 3DEC software. The research focuses on two geometric configurations: Voronoi and tetrahedral blocks. The shape and arrangement of these blocks affect the mechanical parameters of interest and the behavior in the pre- and post-peak phases. In addition, combinations of micro properties are analyzed that, although they are not directly part of macro behavior, are necessary to run the model and are critical to understand its influence on the interaction. 256 simulations are run, distributed between the two configurations, to which a statistical analysis is applied using ANOVA in which a linear regression is applied estimating the response of mechanical parameters, thus identifying the most significant parameters and the relevant interactions. The results indicate that the Voronoi configuration presented dual behaviors, exhibiting both strain softening and strain hardening. In contrast, the tetrahedral configuration showed exclusively strain softening, in general terms. The research contributes to the field of rock mechanics and numerical modeling by providing a more detailed understanding of how micro properties and geometric configuration affect structural behavior under load. The findings of this research have direct implications for the calibration of numerical models related to rock mechanics and for the design of safer geotechnical structures, providing practical tools for their analysis.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil de Minas
Keywords
Ingeniería geotécnica, Mecánica de rocas, Rocas Pruebas