Panelización para el reacondicionamiento de envolventes murales: Estudio Experimental de Paneles de Madera con aislamiento de colchón radicular de avena.
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Date
2025
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Este trabajo se enmarca en el proyecto Fondecyt –Mejoramiento de Escuelas-, cuyo objetivo es abordar las problemáticas de habitabilidad en las escuelas construidas por la Sociedad Constructora de Establecimientos Educacionales (SCEE), puntualmente con lo que respecta a la envolvente de los edificios, lo que afecta negativamente las condiciones de confort térmico en las salas de clases. La investigación tiene como propósito proponer una solución panelizable para el reacondicionamiento térmico de las envolventes murales, con el fin de dotarlas de las cualidades térmicas necesarias para crear un ambiente óptimo para sus usuarios.
Se propone un sistema panelizado con un aislante de colchón radicular de avena, diseñado para mejorar las cualidades térmicas de la envolvente mural del colegio. Para evaluar su efectividad, se analiza el impacto de la implementación de paneles prefabricados de madera con aislación de colchón radicular de avena en las temperaturas del aire, superficial y radiante, mediante una metodología cuantitativa-experimental. El caso de estudio se realizó en la Escuela Colonia Árabe en los Ángeles, donde se compararon dos salas: una de control y una intervenida con los eco-paneles. Se realizó un monitoreo de 12 días para medir la incidencia de los paneles en los parámetros higrotérmicos, evaluando los parámetros medidos a partir de la intervención.
El sistema de panelizado fue diseñado para ser replicable a nivel nacional en las "Escuelas Tipo" de la SCEE, buscando ofrecer una solución transversal para el problema común que enfrentan estas escuelas. Los principales resultados demuestran que la solución propuesta es una opción sostenible viable, y mejorando significativamente las propiedades térmicas de la envolvente del establecimiento educativo. La intervención logró reducir los valores U y se registraron T° superficiales más bajas que las del muro sin intervenir, cumpliendo con las normativas vigentes al momento ejecutar proyectos educacionales.
This work is part of the Fondecyt project – "School Improvement", which aims to address the habitability issues in schools built by the Society of Educational Establishments Builders (SCEE), particularly concerning their envelope, which negatively impacts the thermal comfort conditions in classrooms. The research aims to propose a panelizable solution for the thermal rehabilitation of the wall envelope, in order to provide the necessary thermal properties to create an optimal environment for its users. A panelized system using oat root mattress insulation is proposed to improve the thermal qualities of the school’s wall envelope. To assess its effectiveness, the impact of prefabricated wood panels with oat root mattress insulation on air, surface, and radiant temperatures is analyzed using a quantitative-experimental methodology. The case study was conducted at the Colonia Árabe School in Los Ángeles, where two rooms were compared: one control and one treated with the eco-panels. Monitoring was carried out for 12 days to measure the incidence of the panels on the hygrothermal parameters, evaluating the results obtained from the intervention. The panelized system was designed to be replicable nationwide in the "Typified Schools" built by SCEE, aiming to provide a cross-cutting solution to the common problem faced by these schools. The main results show that the proposed solution is a viable sustainable option, significantly improving the thermal properties of the building envelope. The intervention reduced the U-values and achieved lower surface temperatures than the untreated wall, complying with the current regulations for educational building projects.
This work is part of the Fondecyt project – "School Improvement", which aims to address the habitability issues in schools built by the Society of Educational Establishments Builders (SCEE), particularly concerning their envelope, which negatively impacts the thermal comfort conditions in classrooms. The research aims to propose a panelizable solution for the thermal rehabilitation of the wall envelope, in order to provide the necessary thermal properties to create an optimal environment for its users. A panelized system using oat root mattress insulation is proposed to improve the thermal qualities of the school’s wall envelope. To assess its effectiveness, the impact of prefabricated wood panels with oat root mattress insulation on air, surface, and radiant temperatures is analyzed using a quantitative-experimental methodology. The case study was conducted at the Colonia Árabe School in Los Ángeles, where two rooms were compared: one control and one treated with the eco-panels. Monitoring was carried out for 12 days to measure the incidence of the panels on the hygrothermal parameters, evaluating the results obtained from the intervention. The panelized system was designed to be replicable nationwide in the "Typified Schools" built by SCEE, aiming to provide a cross-cutting solution to the common problem faced by these schools. The main results show that the proposed solution is a viable sustainable option, significantly improving the thermal properties of the building envelope. The intervention reduced the U-values and achieved lower surface temperatures than the untreated wall, complying with the current regulations for educational building projects.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al grado de Magíster en Construcción Industrializada en Madera
Keywords
Aislamiento térmico, Construcción sustentable, Materiales de construcción, Madera