Biosíntesis inducida de vitamina D2 a partir de radiación UV-B en cultivo micelial del hongo comestible Hericium erinaceus con capacidad antioxidante.
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Date
2025
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La vitamina D es un compuesto liposoluble esencial para la salud humana, presente en la naturaleza como ergocalciferol (D2) y colecalciferol (D3). Regula la homeostasis mineral, manteniendo los niveles de calcio y fósforo, y participa en la defensa antioxidante frente a especies reactivas de oxígeno (ROS). Su deficiencia, ampliamente extendida a nivel global, se asocia con múltiples patologías, siendo favorecida por la baja exposición solar y dietas carentes en esta vitamina.
Como solución a esta problemática, este estudio abordó la biosíntesis inducida de vitamina D2 de origen fúngico mediante la exposición in vitro a radiación UVB del micelio del hongo comestible Hericium erinaceus, con énfasis en la evaluación de su capacidad antioxidante.
Se cuantificaron ergosterol y vitamina D2 por HPLC, y se evaluaron las propiedades antioxidantes mediante ensayos con radicales libres DPPH y ABTS. El contenido de fenoles totales fue determinado por el método de Folin-Ciocalteu.
El tiempo óptimo de irradiación fue de 40 minutos (1,7 ± 0,2 mW/cm²), alcanzando 1912,6 μg/g de ergosterol y 160,55 μg/g de vitamina D2. En el ensayo DPPH, 10 mg del extracto metanólico irradiado durante 10 minutos presentó una inhibición del 40%. En el ensayo ABTS, la máxima inhibición (90,09%) se obtuvo con 1,25 mg del extracto irradiado durante 40 minutos. El mayor contenido de fenoles totales (55,80 mg EAG/g) también se observó en este tratamiento.
Estos resultados indican que el micelio irradiado de H. erinaceus puede ser una fuente efectiva de vitamina D2 con propiedades antioxidantes, apta para formulaciones veganas.
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble compound essential for human health, present as ergocalciferol (D2) and cholecalciferol (D3). It regulates mineral homeostasis by maintaining calcium and phosphorus levels and participates in antioxidant defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Its deficiency is widespread globally and associated with multiple pathologies, often due to low sun exposure and diets poor in this vitamin. As a solution to this issue, this study addressed the UVB-induced biosynthesis of fungal vitamin D2 through in vitro exposure of the edible mushroom Hericium erinaceus mycelium, focusing on its antioxidant capacity. Ergosterol and vitamin D2 contents were quantified by HPLC, and antioxidant properties were evaluated using free radical assays (DPPH and ABTS). Total phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The optimal UVB exposure time was 40 minutes (1.7 ± 0.2 mW/cm²), resulting in 1912.6 μg/g of ergosterol and 160.55 μg/g of vitamin D2. In the DPPH assay, 10 mg of methanolic extract irradiated for 10 minutes showed a 40% inhibition capacity. In the ABTS assay, the highest inhibition (90.09%) was obtained with 1.25 mg of extract after 40 minutes of irradiation. The highest total phenolic content (55.80 mg GAE/g) was also observed under this treatment. These findings indicate that UVB-irradiated H. erinaceus mycelium can serve as an effective vegan-friendly source of vitamin D2 with antioxidant properties, potentially useful in nutritional or nutraceutical formulations.
Vitamin D is a fat-soluble compound essential for human health, present as ergocalciferol (D2) and cholecalciferol (D3). It regulates mineral homeostasis by maintaining calcium and phosphorus levels and participates in antioxidant defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS). Its deficiency is widespread globally and associated with multiple pathologies, often due to low sun exposure and diets poor in this vitamin. As a solution to this issue, this study addressed the UVB-induced biosynthesis of fungal vitamin D2 through in vitro exposure of the edible mushroom Hericium erinaceus mycelium, focusing on its antioxidant capacity. Ergosterol and vitamin D2 contents were quantified by HPLC, and antioxidant properties were evaluated using free radical assays (DPPH and ABTS). Total phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The optimal UVB exposure time was 40 minutes (1.7 ± 0.2 mW/cm²), resulting in 1912.6 μg/g of ergosterol and 160.55 μg/g of vitamin D2. In the DPPH assay, 10 mg of methanolic extract irradiated for 10 minutes showed a 40% inhibition capacity. In the ABTS assay, the highest inhibition (90.09%) was obtained with 1.25 mg of extract after 40 minutes of irradiation. The highest total phenolic content (55.80 mg GAE/g) was also observed under this treatment. These findings indicate that UVB-irradiated H. erinaceus mycelium can serve as an effective vegan-friendly source of vitamin D2 with antioxidant properties, potentially useful in nutritional or nutraceutical formulations.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Biólogo/a.
Keywords
Hongos comestibles, Vitamina D 2, Antioxidantes