Burnout y nivel de Violencia Laboral en trabajadores de atención primaria de urgencias de una comuna del Biobío.
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Date
2025
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Introducción: La violencia laboral es un problema de salud pública que afecta la salud física y mental de los trabajadores y la calidad de la atención, la evidencia internacional ha relacionado estos eventos con el síndrome de burnout. Existe limitada evidencia sobre esta relación en atención primaria de urgencias en Chile. Objetivo: Relacionar el síndrome de burnout y el nivel de violencia laboral en trabajadores de SAR y SAPU de Concepción, Chile. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, transversal, descriptivo y correlacional. Se realizó un censo a 106 trabajadores de servicios de atención primaria de urgencias. Se aplicaron cuestionarios validados Maslach Burnout Inventory – Human Service Survey y Workplace Violence in the Health Sector. Se aplicaron los principios de Emanuel, E. a través de la investigación. Resultados: El 84,0% reportó algún tipo de violencia en el último año, principalmente, abuso verbal (83,0%). En burnout, predominó alta despersonalización (64,2%), moderado agotamiento emocional (41,5%) y alta realización personal (64,2%). Reportar violencia y sufrir abuso verbal se asoció con mayor despersonalización; el abuso racial se asoció con agotamiento emocional y despersonalización. Conclusiones: La violencia laboral fue altamente prevalente y se relacionó principalmente con despersonalización, apoyando el fortalecimiento de medidas organizacionales de prevención, reporte y abordaje en SAR/SAPU.
Introduction: Workplace violence is a public health problem that affects workers’ physical and mental health and the quality of care; international evidence has linked these events to burnout syndrome. There is limited evidence on this relationship in primary emergency care in Chile. Objective: To examine the relationship between burnout syndrome and the level of workplace violence among workers in SAR and SAPU services in Concepción, Chile. Methodology: Quantitative, descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study with census sampling. Validated questionnaires were administered: the Maslach Burnout Inventory – Human Service Survey and Workplace Violence in the Health Sector. Emanuel’s, E. ethical principles were applied throughout the research. Results: Overall, 84.0% reported some type of violence in the past year, mainly verbal abuse (83.0%). Regarding burnout, high depersonalization predominated (64.2%), along with moderate emotional exhaustion (41.5%) and high personal accomplishment (64.2%). Reporting violence and experiencing verbal abuse were associated with higher depersonalization; racial abuse was associated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Conclusions: Workplace violence was highly prevalent and was mainly related to depersonalization, supporting the strengthening of organizational measures for prevention, reporting, and management in SAR/SAPU services.
Introduction: Workplace violence is a public health problem that affects workers’ physical and mental health and the quality of care; international evidence has linked these events to burnout syndrome. There is limited evidence on this relationship in primary emergency care in Chile. Objective: To examine the relationship between burnout syndrome and the level of workplace violence among workers in SAR and SAPU services in Concepción, Chile. Methodology: Quantitative, descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study with census sampling. Validated questionnaires were administered: the Maslach Burnout Inventory – Human Service Survey and Workplace Violence in the Health Sector. Emanuel’s, E. ethical principles were applied throughout the research. Results: Overall, 84.0% reported some type of violence in the past year, mainly verbal abuse (83.0%). Regarding burnout, high depersonalization predominated (64.2%), along with moderate emotional exhaustion (41.5%) and high personal accomplishment (64.2%). Reporting violence and experiencing verbal abuse were associated with higher depersonalization; racial abuse was associated with emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Conclusions: Workplace violence was highly prevalent and was mainly related to depersonalization, supporting the strengthening of organizational measures for prevention, reporting, and management in SAR/SAPU services.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al grado de Magíster en Enfermería.
Keywords
Burnout (Psychology), Personal de salud, Violencia en el lugar de trabajo, Riesgos laborales, Atención primaria de la salud Chile Octava Región