Efectos de convoyes de camiones en puentes simplemente apoyados.
Loading...
Date
2025
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
En los últimos años, los avances tecnológicos han dado lugar a nuevas formas de transporte de carga terrestre como el "Truck Platooning", donde camiones automatizados viajan en convoyes sincronizados para mejorar la eficiencia operativa y energética de las flotas de camiones. Esta innovación, plantea desafíos significativos para la infraestructura vial, especialmente para los puentes, que desempeñan un papel fundamental en la conectividad y el desarrollo económico del país. La circulación de convoyes de camiones sobre estas estructuras puede incrementar significativamente ciertas demandas estructurales, como momentos flectores y fuerzas de corte. Si bien este fenómeno también puede provocar otros efectos, como deformaciones, resonancia, fatiga e impactos dinámicos elevados, esta investigación se enfoca exclusivamente en momentos flectores y fuerzas de corte.
Este estudio cuantifica y evalúa las demandas estructurales generadas por 357 configuraciones distintas de convoyes, considerando variables como el número de camiones y su espaciamiento. Los resultados fueron comparados con las demandas generadas por patrones de carga viva de diseño HS20-44+20% y HL-93. La metodología abarcó la caracterización de camiones frecuentes en el país, simulaciones y cálculos computacionales desarrollados mediante programación en Python y análisis de sensibilidad para identificar configuraciones permisibles.
Además de evaluar las demandas estructurales, este estudio proporciona una recomendación práctica para el diseño de puentes, proponiendo una modificación en el patrón de carga viva HL-93 que permita considerar el efecto del Truck Platooning sin necesidad de realizar simulaciones complejas. A partir de los resultados obtenidos, se determinó que un incremento del 30% en el patrón de carga HL-93, junto con un espaciamiento de 9 m, es fundamental para garantizar que la totalidad de los convoyes de camiones evaluados en esta investigación no excedan los límites de diseño por serviciabilidad, permitiendo su circulación en puentes simplemente apoyados menores y medianos.
Finalmente, el estudio entrega recomendaciones prácticas para la operación de convoyes de camiones en puentes, destacando la prohibición de convoyes en estructuras con vanos mayores a 30 m diseñadas con HS20-44+20%, y la exigencia de un espaciamiento mínimo de 15 m en estructuras similares diseñadas con HL-93. Estas medidas buscan preparar la red vial chilena para posibles demandas futuras.
In recent years, technological advances have given rise to new forms of land freight transportation such as “Truck Platooning”, where automated trucks travel in synchronized convoys to improve the operational and energy efficiency of truck fleets. This innovation poses significant challenges for road infrastructure, especially bridges, which play a key role in the country's connectivity and economic development. The movement of truck convoys over these structures can significantly increase certain structural demands, such as bending moments and shear forces. Although this phenomenon can also cause other effects, such as deformations, resonance, fatigue and high dynamic impacts, this research focuses exclusively on bending moments and shear forces. This study quantifies and evaluates the structural demands generated by 357 different convoy configurations, considering variables such as the number of trucks and their spacing. The results were compared with the demands generated by HS20-44+20% and HL-93 design live load patterns. The methodology included the characterization of frequent trucks in the country, simulations and computational calculations developed through Python programming and sensitivity analysis to identify allowable configurations. In addition to evaluating the structural demands, this study provides a practical recommendation for bridge design, proposing a modification in the HL-93 live load pattern that allows considering the effect of Truck Platooning without the need to perform complex simulations. From the results obtained, it was determined that a 30% increase in the HL-93 load pattern, together with a 9 m spacing, is fundamental to guarantee that all the truck convoys evaluated in this research do not exceed the design limits for serviceability, allowing them to circulate on minor and medium-sized simply supported bridges. Finally, the study provides practical recommendations for the operation of truck convoys on bridges, highlighting the prohibition of convoys on structures with spans greater than 30 m designed with HS20-44+20%, and the requirement of a minimum spacing of 15 m on similar structures designed with HL-93. These measures seek to prepare the Chilean road network for possible future demands.
In recent years, technological advances have given rise to new forms of land freight transportation such as “Truck Platooning”, where automated trucks travel in synchronized convoys to improve the operational and energy efficiency of truck fleets. This innovation poses significant challenges for road infrastructure, especially bridges, which play a key role in the country's connectivity and economic development. The movement of truck convoys over these structures can significantly increase certain structural demands, such as bending moments and shear forces. Although this phenomenon can also cause other effects, such as deformations, resonance, fatigue and high dynamic impacts, this research focuses exclusively on bending moments and shear forces. This study quantifies and evaluates the structural demands generated by 357 different convoy configurations, considering variables such as the number of trucks and their spacing. The results were compared with the demands generated by HS20-44+20% and HL-93 design live load patterns. The methodology included the characterization of frequent trucks in the country, simulations and computational calculations developed through Python programming and sensitivity analysis to identify allowable configurations. In addition to evaluating the structural demands, this study provides a practical recommendation for bridge design, proposing a modification in the HL-93 live load pattern that allows considering the effect of Truck Platooning without the need to perform complex simulations. From the results obtained, it was determined that a 30% increase in the HL-93 load pattern, together with a 9 m spacing, is fundamental to guarantee that all the truck convoys evaluated in this research do not exceed the design limits for serviceability, allowing them to circulate on minor and medium-sized simply supported bridges. Finally, the study provides practical recommendations for the operation of truck convoys on bridges, highlighting the prohibition of convoys on structures with spans greater than 30 m designed with HS20-44+20%, and the requirement of a minimum spacing of 15 m on similar structures designed with HL-93. These measures seek to prepare the Chilean road network for possible future demands.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero/a Civil.
Keywords
Industria camionera, Construcción de puentes, Puentes de carretera Mantenimiento y reparación