Biosíntesis de Nanopartículas de Oro mediante extractos de Psilocybe cubensis y su evaluación bioestimulante en células Neuro2a.
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Date
2026
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La nanotecnología verde aplicada a la neurociencia ofrece soluciones innovadoras para el tratamiento de patologías del Sistema Nervioso Central. El presente estudio reporta la biosíntesis de nanopartículas de oro (AuNPs) utilizando extractos del hongo productor de psilocibina Psilocybe cubensis y la evaluación de su potencial neuroestimulante. Las AuNPs fueron sintetizadas mediante la reducción biológica de HAuCl4 y caracterizadas mediante espectroscopia UV-Vis, TEM, DLS y FTIR. Los resultados fisicoquímicos confirmaron la obtención de nanopartículas esferoidales monodispersas con un diámetro promedio de 18,94 nm y una alta estabilidad coloidal (Potencial Zeta: –31,0 mV). El análisis FTIR sugirió que los metabolitos fúngicos conforman la corona orgánica estabilizadora del nanomaterial.
La bioactividad se evaluó en el modelo neuronal Neuro2a (N2a) mediante la plataforma de monitoreo en tiempo real IncuCyte® y microscopía holotomográfica 3D. Se identificó un comportamiento hormético dosis-dependiente: concentraciones entre 22,91 y 183,25 μg/mL indujeron un incremento significativo en la proliferación y viabilidad celular sin compromiso morfológico, mientras que dosis ≥ 733,0 μg/mL resultaron en citotoxicidad aguda. La holotomografía 3D validó que el tratamiento bioestimulante (91,63 μg/mL) promueve un fenotipo con extensiones citoplasmáticas activas, compatible con estadios iniciales de neuritogénesis. En conclusión, las AuNPs de P. cubensis constituyen un sistema nanoterápico prometedor con capacidad neuroprotectora y pro-proliferativa, sentando las bases para futuras aplicaciones en medicina regenerativa y neurorehabilitación.
Green nanotechnology applied to neuroscience offers innovative solutions for treating Central Nervous System pathologies. This study reports the green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using extracts from the psilocybin-producing mushroom Psilocybe cubensis and evaluates their neurostimulatory potential. AuNPs were synthesized through the biological reduction of HAuCl4 and characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, TEM, DLS, and FTIR. Physicochemical results confirmed the production of monodisperse spheroidal nanoparticles with an average diameter of 18.94 nm and high colloidal stability (Zeta Potential: –31.0 mV). FTIR analysis suggests that fungal metabolites constitute the bioactive organic capping of the nanomaterial. Bioactivity was assessed in the Neuro2a (N2a) neuronal model using the IncuCyte® live-cell analysis system and 3D holotomographic microscopy. A dose-dependent hormetic behavior was identified: concentrations between 22.91 and 183.25 μg/mL induced a significant increase in cell proliferation and viability without morphological compromise, while doses ≥ 733.0 μg/mL resulted in acute cytotoxicity. 3D holotomography validated that the biostimulatory treatment (91.63 μg/mL) promotes a phenotype with active cytoplasmic extensions, consistent with early stages of neuritogenesis. In conclusion, P. cubensis mediated AuNPs constitute a promising nanotherapeutic system with neuroprotective and pro-proliferative capabilities, laying the groundwork for future applications in regenerative medicine and neurorehabilitation.
Green nanotechnology applied to neuroscience offers innovative solutions for treating Central Nervous System pathologies. This study reports the green synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using extracts from the psilocybin-producing mushroom Psilocybe cubensis and evaluates their neurostimulatory potential. AuNPs were synthesized through the biological reduction of HAuCl4 and characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, TEM, DLS, and FTIR. Physicochemical results confirmed the production of monodisperse spheroidal nanoparticles with an average diameter of 18.94 nm and high colloidal stability (Zeta Potential: –31.0 mV). FTIR analysis suggests that fungal metabolites constitute the bioactive organic capping of the nanomaterial. Bioactivity was assessed in the Neuro2a (N2a) neuronal model using the IncuCyte® live-cell analysis system and 3D holotomographic microscopy. A dose-dependent hormetic behavior was identified: concentrations between 22.91 and 183.25 μg/mL induced a significant increase in cell proliferation and viability without morphological compromise, while doses ≥ 733.0 μg/mL resulted in acute cytotoxicity. 3D holotomography validated that the biostimulatory treatment (91.63 μg/mL) promotes a phenotype with active cytoplasmic extensions, consistent with early stages of neuritogenesis. In conclusion, P. cubensis mediated AuNPs constitute a promising nanotherapeutic system with neuroprotective and pro-proliferative capabilities, laying the groundwork for future applications in regenerative medicine and neurorehabilitation.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Biólogo/a.
Keywords
Nanopartículas, Hongos, Neurociencias, Sistema nervioso central