Evaluando el efecto de la temperatura sobre el desempeño y respuestas fisiológicas de estadios larvales de centolla de Magallanes (Lithodes santolla) ante escenarios de calentamiento global.
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Date
2025
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
El objetivo de este trabajo fue entender cómo afecta el aumento de la temperatura al metabolismo y tolerancia térmica en larvas de Lithodes santolla, un crustáceo subantártico clave para los ecosistemas marinos de Magallanes. Se planteó que la temperatura afecta diferencialmente el metabolismo según el estadio larval, con especial énfasis en las etapas Zoea III y Megalopa. Se realizaron experimentos en condiciones controladas, exponiendo larvas Zoea III y Megalopa a siete temperaturas entre 2 y 14 °C, evaluando la supervivencia, tolerancia térmica (CTMin y CTMax), metabolismo rutinario (VO2 y QO2), y sensibilidad térmica mediante el modelo de Arrhenius (Ea). Los resultados mostraron una clara relación positiva entre temperatura y tasa metabólica en ambos estadios, con VO2 y QO2 aumentando progresivamente con la temperatura. Zoea III presentó mayores valores de QO2, mientras que Megalopa alcanzó una Ea más elevada (2.04 kJ/mol), indicando mayor sensibilidad térmica y posible vulnerabilidad fisiológica. A nivel de tolerancia térmica, ambos estadios respondieron a la aclimatación, pero Megalopa presentó un CTMax máximo a temperaturas intermedias (6 °C), sugiriendo un rango optimo limitado. La supervivencia mostró un patrón en forma de domo: alta persistencia a 6–10 °C y caídas abruptas en temperaturas extremas. Los resultados reflejan que L. santolla presenta una sensibilidad térmica marcada durante su desarrollo larval, con un rendimiento óptimo a temperaturas intermedias (6-10 °C). Las diferencias ontogénicas destacan la necesidad de considerar las etapas de desarrollo en estudios sobre el impacto del calentamiento global en especies australes y sus ecosistemas.
The objective of this study was to understand how increasing temperature affects metabolism and thermal tolerance in larvae of Lithodes santolla, a subantarctic crustacean that plays a key ecological role in the marine ecosystems of the Magallanes region. We hypothesized that temperature differentially affects metabolic performance depending on larval stage, with special emphasis on Zoea III and Megalopa stages. Experiments were conducted under controlled conditions, exposing Zoea III and Megalopa larvae to seven temperatures between 2 and 14 °C, evaluating survival, thermal tolerance (CTMin and CTMax), routine metabolism (VO2 and QO2) and thermal sensitivity through the Arrhenius model (Ea). Results revealed a clear positive relationship between temperature and metabolic rate in both stages, with VO2 and QO2 progressively increasing with temperature. Zoea III exhibited higher QO2 values, while Megalopa reached a higher Ea (2.04 kJ/mol), indicating greater thermal sensitivity and possible physiological vulnerability. In terms of thermal tolerance, both stages responded to acclimation, but Megalopa presented a CTMax maximun at intermediate temperatures (6 °C), suggesting a limited optimal range. Survival showed a dome-shaped pattern, with high persistence at 6-10 °C and abrupt drops at extreme temperatures. The results reflect that L. santolla shows a marked thermal sensitivity during larval development, with optimal performance at intermediate temperatures (6-10 °C). The ontogenetic differences highlight the importance of considering developmental stages in studies on the impact of global warming on austral species and their ecosystems.
The objective of this study was to understand how increasing temperature affects metabolism and thermal tolerance in larvae of Lithodes santolla, a subantarctic crustacean that plays a key ecological role in the marine ecosystems of the Magallanes region. We hypothesized that temperature differentially affects metabolic performance depending on larval stage, with special emphasis on Zoea III and Megalopa stages. Experiments were conducted under controlled conditions, exposing Zoea III and Megalopa larvae to seven temperatures between 2 and 14 °C, evaluating survival, thermal tolerance (CTMin and CTMax), routine metabolism (VO2 and QO2) and thermal sensitivity through the Arrhenius model (Ea). Results revealed a clear positive relationship between temperature and metabolic rate in both stages, with VO2 and QO2 progressively increasing with temperature. Zoea III exhibited higher QO2 values, while Megalopa reached a higher Ea (2.04 kJ/mol), indicating greater thermal sensitivity and possible physiological vulnerability. In terms of thermal tolerance, both stages responded to acclimation, but Megalopa presented a CTMax maximun at intermediate temperatures (6 °C), suggesting a limited optimal range. Survival showed a dome-shaped pattern, with high persistence at 6-10 °C and abrupt drops at extreme temperatures. The results reflect that L. santolla shows a marked thermal sensitivity during larval development, with optimal performance at intermediate temperatures (6-10 °C). The ontogenetic differences highlight the importance of considering developmental stages in studies on the impact of global warming on austral species and their ecosystems.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Biólogo/a Marino/a.
Keywords
Crustáceos Fisiologia, Temperatura del océano, Manejo de ecosistema marino