Contenido de humedad del suelo y crecimiento de una plantación forestal de Pinus radiata (D.Don)
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Date
2004
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
Se estudió la extracción de agua del suelo y su efecto en el crecimiento de una plantación forestal de Pinus radiata (D. Don) a partir de los 5 años de edad, con tres densidades de población (667, 833 y 1667 árboles ha-1), durante tres temporadas (septiembre a mayo del 2001-2002, 2002-2003 y 2003 2004). La plantación se encuentra ubicada en un suelo granítico de lomaje (Serie San Esteban) del secano interior de la Cordillera de la Costa, VII Región. Se determinó la variación espacial y temporal del contenido de humedad del suelo hasta los 270 cm de profundidad, mediante neutrometría, cada dos semanas. La evapotranspiración se estimó a través del balance hídrico, mientras que el desarrollo de la plantación se determinó midiendo una vez por mes diámetro de altura de pecho y altura de los árboles. A nivel de rodal, no se registraron diferencias en la extracción de agua entre densidades, pero sí entre temporadas (417, 508 y 300 mm, para las temporadas 1, 2 y 3 respectivamente), situación atribuída a las diferentes disponibilidades de agua al principio de cada temporada de medición. La extracción de agua diaria por árbol fue inversamente proporcional a la densidad de población, con un máximo de 74 L árbol-1 día-1 registrados en primavera de la última temporada. Existió una relación inversa entre el incremento de diámetro de tronco y densidad de población a través del tiempo, en tanto que a nivel de plantación, el incremento en volumen de madera es proporcional a la densidad de población y a la temporada de medición.
Water uptake of a 5 years old Pinus radiata (D. Don) forest plantation and its relationship with growth was studied, with three planting densities (667, 833 and 1667 trees ha-1), during three seasons (September to May of 2001, 2002, 2002-2003 and 2003-2004). The plantation was located in a granitic soil (Series San Esteban) of the interior dry land of the Mountain range of the Coast, VII Region. The soil water content and its temporal and spatial variability were measured down to 270 cm depth every two weeks. The evapotranspiration was estimated by the water balance equation, while the development of the plantation was determined measuring the diameter and height of the trees. They did not register differences in the water uptake among densities, but they did among seasons (417, 508 and 300 mm, for the seasons 1, 2 and 3 respectively). This was principally due to the different soil water contents at the beginning of each measurement season. An inverse relationship between planting density and the daily water uptake per tree was found, with a maximum of 74 L tree-1 day-1in spring during the last season. An inverse relationship between planting density and the average diameter increment through time was observed. However the increment in total volumen per hectare was proportional to planting density and season of growing.
Water uptake of a 5 years old Pinus radiata (D. Don) forest plantation and its relationship with growth was studied, with three planting densities (667, 833 and 1667 trees ha-1), during three seasons (September to May of 2001, 2002, 2002-2003 and 2003-2004). The plantation was located in a granitic soil (Series San Esteban) of the interior dry land of the Mountain range of the Coast, VII Region. The soil water content and its temporal and spatial variability were measured down to 270 cm depth every two weeks. The evapotranspiration was estimated by the water balance equation, while the development of the plantation was determined measuring the diameter and height of the trees. They did not register differences in the water uptake among densities, but they did among seasons (417, 508 and 300 mm, for the seasons 1, 2 and 3 respectively). This was principally due to the different soil water contents at the beginning of each measurement season. An inverse relationship between planting density and the daily water uptake per tree was found, with a maximum of 74 L tree-1 day-1in spring during the last season. An inverse relationship between planting density and the average diameter increment through time was observed. However the increment in total volumen per hectare was proportional to planting density and season of growing.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil Agrícola
Keywords
Evapotranspiración, Pino radiata