Mejoramiento de la conducción del canal matriz Retiro, perteneciente a la provincia de Linares, región del Maule
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Date
2025
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La red de canales del Maule es una infraestructura crítica para la seguridad hídrica agrícola; sin embargo, la infiltración, la erosión y el deterioro estructural reducen su eficiencia. Este estudio diagnostica y propone el mejoramiento del Canal Matriz Retiro, afectado por crecidas del año 2023. La metodología combinó inspección en terreno, levantamiento topográfico, modelación unidimensional en HEC-RAS y diseño geométrico en Civil 3D. La alternativa regulariza la sección transversal, corrige la pendiente del tramo intervenido e incorpora gradas disipadoras de energía para asegurar régimen subcrítico. Se adoptaron coeficientes de rugosidad de Manning diferenciados según material y condición. Con un caudal de diseño de 2,109 m³/s, la comparación estado actual versus propuesta evidencia una reducción significativa del gradiente energético, velocidades admisibles para hormigón (1,3–1,9 m/s) y menores pérdidas por conducción estimadas con la fórmula de Moritz. En conjunto, la propuesta incrementa la capacidad de transporte y fortalece la seguridad hidráulica global del canal.
The Maule channel network is critical infrastructure for agricultural water security; however, infiltration, erosion, and structural deterioration reduce it’s efficiency. This study diagnoses and proposes improvements to the Retiro Main Channel, impacted by 2023 flood events and underlain by permeable soils. The methodology combined field inspection, topographic surveying, one-dimensional modeling in HEC-RAS, and geometric design in Civil 3D. The proposed alternative regularizes the cross-section, corrects the slope of the intervened reach, and incorporates energy-dissipating steps to ensure subcritical flow. Manning roughness coefficients were differentiated by material and condition. With a design discharge of 2.109 m³/s, the current-versus- proposed comparison shows a significant reduction in the energy gradient, admissible velocities for concrete (1.3–1.9 m/s), and lower conveyance losses estimated using the Moritz formula. Overall, the proposal increases conveyance capacity and strengthens the channel’s hydraulic safety.
The Maule channel network is critical infrastructure for agricultural water security; however, infiltration, erosion, and structural deterioration reduce it’s efficiency. This study diagnoses and proposes improvements to the Retiro Main Channel, impacted by 2023 flood events and underlain by permeable soils. The methodology combined field inspection, topographic surveying, one-dimensional modeling in HEC-RAS, and geometric design in Civil 3D. The proposed alternative regularizes the cross-section, corrects the slope of the intervened reach, and incorporates energy-dissipating steps to ensure subcritical flow. Manning roughness coefficients were differentiated by material and condition. With a design discharge of 2.109 m³/s, the current-versus- proposed comparison shows a significant reduction in the energy gradient, admissible velocities for concrete (1.3–1.9 m/s), and lower conveyance losses estimated using the Moritz formula. Overall, the proposal increases conveyance capacity and strengthens the channel’s hydraulic safety.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Civil Agrícola
Keywords
Modelación hidráulica, Riego -- Administración, Canales de Agua