Tratamientos avanzados aplicados al efluente sedundario del proceso de celulosa Kraff con fines de reuso del agua: una alternativa para enfrentar el futuro escenario de escases hídrica.
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Date
2022
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Universidad de Concepción
Abstract
La menor disponibilidad de agua en Chile debido a la “mega sequía” ha impuesto el desafío de mejorar la gestión del agua, en sectores como la generación de celulosa, que representa un 30% de la demanda hídrica del sector industrial, esto con la finalidad de establecer una opción de reúso del agua. Como objetivo general se evaluó la remoción de contaminantes por medio de tratamientos avanzados aplicados al efluente secundario de una planta de celulosa Kraft con finalidad de favorecer el reúso de agua. Se analizó la capacidad de adsorción con coquecillo, a distintas granulometrías, diferentes pH y cargas de éste, en un tiempo máximo de 120 minutos. El segundo tratamiento consistió en un proceso foto Fenton con mineral de hierro como fuente de hierro alternativo en un tiempo máximo de 150 minutos.
Finalmente se realizó un tratamiento híbrido con las mejores condiciones operacionales de los procesos anteriores. Como resultado del proceso de adsorción se identificó que el Grupo 2, pH 5, carga 0,5 g en 60 minutos, obtuvo la mejor remoción de CE y color con 1,66% y 5,9% respectivamente. En el tratamiento AOP se obtuvieron los mejores resultados en el ensayo 13 con 8,75 mL de H2O2 en 60 minutos, con remociones de CE y color de 6,51% y 93,55% respectivamente. Para el sistema híbrido la remoción de CE y color fue de 4,4% y 89,4% respectivamente. De los tratamientos avanzados aplicados, el AOP fue sobresaliente en la remoción de color desde el efluente obteniendo un efluente transparente, aunque según los índices de Langelier y Ryznar obtenidos se deben controlar parámetros operacionales para que se pueda llevar a cabo un proceso de reúso del recurso dentro de la planta o fuera de ella.
The lower availability of water in Chile due to the "mega drought" has imposed the challenge of improving water management, in sectors such as pulp generation, which represents 30% of the water demand of the industrial sector, this with the purpose to establish a water reuse option. As a general objective, the removal of contaminants was evaluated through advanced treatments applied to the secondary effluent of a Kraft pulp plant in order to favor the reuse of water. The adsorption capacity with coquecillo was analyzed, at different granulometries, different pH and loads of it, in a maximum time of 120 minutes. The second treatment consisted of a Fenton photo process with iron ore as an alternative iron source in a maximum time of 150 minutes. Finally, a hybrid treatment was carried out with the best operational conditions of the previous processes. As a result of the adsorption process, it was identified that Group 2, pH 5, 0.5 g load in 60 minutes, obtained the best EC and color removal with 1.66% and 5.9%, respectively. In the AOP treatment, the best results were obtained in trial 13 with 8.75 mL of H2O2 in 60 minutes, with CE and color removals of 6.51% and 93.55%, respectively. For the hybrid system, CE and color removal were 4.4% and 89.4%, respectively. Of the advanced treatments applied, the AOP was outstanding in the removal of color from the effluent, obtaining a transparent effluent, although according to the Langelier and Ryznar indices obtained, operational parameters must be controlled so that a resource reuse process can be carried out. inside the plant or outside of it.
The lower availability of water in Chile due to the "mega drought" has imposed the challenge of improving water management, in sectors such as pulp generation, which represents 30% of the water demand of the industrial sector, this with the purpose to establish a water reuse option. As a general objective, the removal of contaminants was evaluated through advanced treatments applied to the secondary effluent of a Kraft pulp plant in order to favor the reuse of water. The adsorption capacity with coquecillo was analyzed, at different granulometries, different pH and loads of it, in a maximum time of 120 minutes. The second treatment consisted of a Fenton photo process with iron ore as an alternative iron source in a maximum time of 150 minutes. Finally, a hybrid treatment was carried out with the best operational conditions of the previous processes. As a result of the adsorption process, it was identified that Group 2, pH 5, 0.5 g load in 60 minutes, obtained the best EC and color removal with 1.66% and 5.9%, respectively. In the AOP treatment, the best results were obtained in trial 13 with 8.75 mL of H2O2 in 60 minutes, with CE and color removals of 6.51% and 93.55%, respectively. For the hybrid system, CE and color removal were 4.4% and 89.4%, respectively. Of the advanced treatments applied, the AOP was outstanding in the removal of color from the effluent, obtaining a transparent effluent, although according to the Langelier and Ryznar indices obtained, operational parameters must be controlled so that a resource reuse process can be carried out. inside the plant or outside of it.
Description
Proyecto de habilitación profesional presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero Ambiental
Keywords
Sequías, Celulosa, Hidrología