Evaluación del efecto de la temperatura sobre el rendimiento y la eficiencia de conversión energética en exteriores de tres tecnologías fotovoltaicas durante el periodo estival en la zona centro sur de Chile.
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Date
2021
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Publisher
Universidad de Concepción.
Abstract
En este documento se llevó a cabo un estudio comparativo del desempeño
energético de tres tecnologías fotovoltaicas con el objetivo de determinar cuál se adecua mejor a las condiciones climáticas presentes en el periodo estival de la zona centro sur de Chile. Las tecnologías que se compararon estaban compuestas por módulos fotovoltaicos de silicio amorfo (a-Si), silicio policristalino (poli-Si) y silicio monocristalino (mono-Si). La irradiación incidente sobre los módulos fotovoltaicos para los meses enero, febrero y marzo presentó una media diaria mensual de 7,4 kWh/m2 ± 1,6, 6,7 kWh/m2 ± 1,7 y 6,4 kWh/m2 ± 1,6 respectivamente. El total de energía generada fue de 128,1 kWh, 127,6 kWh y 87,6 kWh para las tecnologías de poli-Si, a-Si y mono-Si respectivamente, siendo este último el de menor potencia nominal instalada. Se encontró en dicho periodo que a-Si tiene una eficiencia normalizada ligeramente mayor de 4,3% sobre poli-Si y 8,9% sobre mono-Si. Así mismo, el valor de Performance Ratio para a-Si poli-Si y mono-Si fue de 0,91, 0,79 y 0,75 respectivamente. En otro ámbito, los coeficientes de pérdidas de potencia máxima por temperatura obtenidos mediante los datos experimentales extraídos en terreno tienen valores de -0,21%/°C, -0,50%/°C, -0,45%/°C para a-Si, poli-Si y mono-Si respectivamente.
In this document, a comparative study of the energy performance of three photovoltaic technologies was carried out to determine which one is best suited to the climatic conditions present in the summer period in the central-southern zone of Chile. The technologies compared consisted of amorphous silicon (a-Si), polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si), and monocrystalline silicon (mono-Si) photovoltaic modules. The incident irradiance on the PV modules for the months of January, February and March presented a monthly daily average of 7.4 kWh/m2 ± 1.6, 6.7 kWh/m2 ± 1.7 and 6.4 kWh/m2 ± 1.6, respectively. The energy generated during the test period was 128.1 kWh, 127.6 kWh and 87.6 kWh for poly-Si, a-Si and mono-Si technologies respectively, the latter having the lowest installed rated power. It was found that a-Si has a slightly higher normalized efficiency of 4.3% over poly-Si and 8.9% over mono-Si. Likewise, the Performance Ratio value for a-Si poly-Si and mono-Si was 0.91, 0.79 and 0.75 respectively. In another area, the coefficients of maximum power losses due to temperature obtained from the experimental data extracted in the field have values of -0.21%/°C, -0.50%/°C, -0.45%/°C for a-Si, polySi and mono-Si, respectively.
In this document, a comparative study of the energy performance of three photovoltaic technologies was carried out to determine which one is best suited to the climatic conditions present in the summer period in the central-southern zone of Chile. The technologies compared consisted of amorphous silicon (a-Si), polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si), and monocrystalline silicon (mono-Si) photovoltaic modules. The incident irradiance on the PV modules for the months of January, February and March presented a monthly daily average of 7.4 kWh/m2 ± 1.6, 6.7 kWh/m2 ± 1.7 and 6.4 kWh/m2 ± 1.6, respectively. The energy generated during the test period was 128.1 kWh, 127.6 kWh and 87.6 kWh for poly-Si, a-Si and mono-Si technologies respectively, the latter having the lowest installed rated power. It was found that a-Si has a slightly higher normalized efficiency of 4.3% over poly-Si and 8.9% over mono-Si. Likewise, the Performance Ratio value for a-Si poly-Si and mono-Si was 0.91, 0.79 and 0.75 respectively. In another area, the coefficients of maximum power losses due to temperature obtained from the experimental data extracted in the field have values of -0.21%/°C, -0.50%/°C, -0.45%/°C for a-Si, polySi and mono-Si, respectively.
Description
Tesis presentada para optar al grado de Magíster en Ingeniería Agrícola con mención en Mecanización y Energía
Keywords
Energía, Paneles solares, Eficiencia térmica